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Planet Mars is the fourth closest planet to the Sun and the second smallest in the solar system, after Mercury. Its name is a tribute to the Roman god of war, due to its reddish color resulting from the presence of iron oxide on the surface. In addition, it has two small irregularly shaped moons: Phobos and Deimos, which are named after the children of Ares (Mars) and Aphrodite (Venus) in Greek mythology. It is possible to observe Mars with the naked eye, without the aid of a telescope, and for this reason it is one of the most studied planets. Its day is approximately 24 hours and 37 minutes long, which makes it closer to Earth, although its Martian year is 687 Earth days.
