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The ground is a piece of equipment contested by men and women. Present since the Paris Games in 1900, it is part of the general competition in artistic gymnastics. Archange Tuccaro, a 16th century Italian acrobat, is considered a pioneer of this practice. Initially little valued, it became an integral part of gymnastics competitions from 1923 onwards. It consists of an area measuring 12m x 12m, where athletes perform a combination of acrobatics, balance and strength, with elements of artistic expression and music in women's competitions. . Scores are based on the difficulty of the movements, artistic expression, execution of required elements, and overall quality of the performance. Penalties are applied for performance errors, such as leaving the designated area or not being in sync with the music. Solo routines last up to 90 seconds and are choreographed with acrobatic and dance elements.
