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Venus, the second planet from the Sun, was named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty, Aphrodite. It is the brightest object in the night sky, exhibiting an apparent magnitude of -4.6, enough to cast shadows. In terms of size and mass, Venus is very similar to Earth, being only 650 km smaller in diameter and having a mass of 81.5% of Earth's mass. However, conditions on the Venusian surface are completely different, as it is covered by a dense atmosphere composed of 96.5% carbon dioxide and nitrogen being the largest component of the remaining 3.5%.
