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Portuguese EN 9th grade: Literary Education

Literary Education

Narrative Text

A narrative text tells a story or sequence of events.

Categories of narrative: fable, short story, novel, novella. Essential elements:

Action: events that drive the story.

Setting: place where events occur.

Time: when events occur; can be linear, chronological, or non-linear.

Character: protagonists, supporting, secondary; can be dynamic or static.

Narrator: first, second, or third person; observer, participant, or omniscient narrator.

Modes of discourse representation: direct, indirect, free indirect speech.

Textual genres: short story, novel, fable, novella, chronicle.

Dramatic Text

A dramatic text is intended to be performed on stage.

External structure: acts, scenes, dialogues.

Internal structure: action, conflicts, dramatic development.

Texts: main (dialogues), secondary (stage directions, scene description, movement instructions).

Theatrical performances: interpretation, staging, costumes, set design, rhythm, and dramatic timing.


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Word that replaces or accompanies a noun, avoiding repetition and indicating person, possession, quantity, or relation.
Ex.: ele, aquele, meu, ninguém.
Subclasses de pronomes
Pronome pessoal
Refers to the persons in speech: 1ª, 2ª ou 3ª pessoa.
- Formas tónicas: used alone or for emphasis (mim, ti, ele, nós).
- Formas átonas: used attached to the verb (me, ..know more


December 15th Zamenh...

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The Rubik's Cube, created by H...

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Who was Stanislav Petrov?
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What was his real position?
Petrov was ..know more


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What intrigued the internet wasn’t just ..know more


Points within a game

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Points within a game
Each game starts at 0, called “Love”.
The scoring goes: 0 → 15 → 30 → 40 → game.
If both players reach 40, it is called Deuce.
To win the game from Deuce, you need to win 2 consecutive points.
Games within a set
A set is won by the player who wins 6 games with at least a 2-game advantage.
Examples:
6-3 → normal win
6-5 ..know more


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Origin of the Sphinx
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It is believed to have been built during the reign of Pharaoh Khafre (c. 2500 B.C.).
It has the body of a lion and the head of a human, possibly representing the pharaoh himself or a protective deity.
Original ..know more


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Esther and Ruth: courage and faith
Esther and Ruth are examples of women who played central roles in the Bible, demonstrating courage, faith, and determination:
Esther became queen of Persia and risked her life to save the Jewish people from destruction (Book of Esther). Her story is an example of boldness, strategy, and faith in God, inspiring celebrations such as Purim.
Ruth, ..know more


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Understand What a “Six-Pack” Really Is
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In other words, it’s not just about doing crunches all day.
Strategic Nutrition
Moderate calorie deficit: burning more energy than you consume helps reduce fat.
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First Synthetic Fragrance
Before Chanel Nº5, perfumes were made almost exclusively with natural essences: flowers, fruits, resins, and spices.
In 1921, Coco Chanel launched Nº5, created by perfumer Ernest Beaux, using synthetic molecules.
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Juan Pujol García (1912–1988), codename Garbo, was the spy who fooled Hitler on his own. He created a fictional network of 27 agents that never existed, sending detailed reports with deliberately human errors. His cunning changed the course of the war.
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Beer Was Safer Than Water
In the Middle Ages, water was often contaminated, while boiling beer wort killed bacteria.
Children and adults drank “small beer” daily as a safe and nutritious beverage.
This shows how beer was an essential part of the diet and public health at the time.
The Monks
During Lent, monks brewed strong and nutritious beers.
The drink ..know more



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Man...

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The Apocalypse
Many viewers spend the series trying to discover the virus’s origin, but Robert Kirkman, the creator, made it clear: it doesn’t matter. The focus is on humans — how people behave when society disappears, when there are no laws, comfort, or security. The virus is just a catalyst that reveals who people really are.
The Infection
The famous reveal that anyone ..know more



Lisbon is not just built above...

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Lisbon is not just built above ground. Over more than two thousand years, different civilizations have constructed underground structures that remain hidden to this day.
Origin of the tunnels
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Islamic period: passages used for escape and supply.
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Purpose
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The Pico Paraná, at 1,877 meters, is the highest point in southern Brazil and is located in the Serra do Mar, between the municipalities of Antonina and Campina Grande do Sul, in Paraná. Its geological formation dates back to the Precambrian period, millions of years ago, when tectonic uplift and erosion processes formed its igneous and granitic rocks. The name “Paraná” comes from the Tupi language ..know more



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1. A universe built by players
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2. A billion-dollar community
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3. Engaging events
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Eleven was almost a boy
In the early drafts by the Duffer Brothers, the main character was written as a different gender. By changing Eleven into a girl, the series gained a stronger emotional layer: apparent fragility versus extreme power, as well as themes of motherhood, friendship, and identity.
The Upside Down came before the story
Unlike the usual process, the creators ..know more



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In the center of Lisbon, in Rossio Square, stands a column crowned by a statue attributed to Dom Pedro IV. At first glance, it appears to be a clear symbol of Portuguese liberalism. However, the story behind the sculpture is more curious than it seems.
Origin of the statue
Inaugurated in 1874
Officially dedicated to Dom Pedro IV
Cast in bronze and placed atop a tall column
The ..know more



Virginia Hall (1906–1982) was ...

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Virginia Hall (1906–1982) was an American agent during World War II who defied every stereotype. A woman, a foreigner, and with a prosthetic leg — which she nicknamed “Cuthbert” — she embodied everything the Nazis underestimated. Even so, she became the most dangerous agent in occupied France.
Who she was
• American, former diplomatic service candidate
• Lost part of her leg in an accident
• ..know more



The Rossio Statue
...

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The Rossio Statue
Although everyone believes the statue represents D. Pedro IV, there is a myth that it was repurposed from another historical figure.
To prevent anyone from noticing, it was placed at the top of the column, out of public view.
This shows how urban legends can arise from seemingly small historical details.
Lisbon
Some buildings in the city date ..know more

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