Portuguese EN 9th grade: Adverbs and Subclasses

Invariable word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb, adding information about circumstance, intensity, or the speaker’s attitude.

Subclasses de advérbio

Negação: deny the action (não, nunca).

Afirmação: confirm (sim, certamente).

Quantidade e grau: indicate intensity(muito, pouco, bastante).

Inclusão: add (também, até).

Exclusão: limit (apenas, só).

Interrogativo: used in questions (quando, onde, como, porquê).

Relativo: link clauses (onde, quando, como).

Lugar: indicate position (aqui, ali, perto).

Tempo: indicate moment (hoje, ontem, sempre).

Modo: indicate how (bem, mal, rapidamente).

Dúvida: express uncertainty (talvez, provavelmente).

Designação: highlight or present (eis).

Conectivo: link ideas (porém, portanto, então).

Locuções adverbiais

Group of two or more words functioning as an adverb, usually formed by preposição + nome/adjetivo. Ex.: à tarde, de repente, em casa, com cuidado, de vez em quando. They express tempo, lugar, modo, quantidade, etc.

Grau dos advérbios

Comparativo:

Superioridade: Ele corre mais rapidamente que o irmão.

gualdade: Ele corre tão rapidamente como o irmão.

Inferioridade: Ele corre menos rapidamente que o irmão.

Superlativo:

Absoluto sintético: Ele corre rapidíssimo.

Absoluto analítico: Ele corre muito rapidamente.

Relativo de superioridade: Ele é o que corre mais rapidamente da turma.

Relativo de inferioridade: Ele é o que corre menos rapidamente da turma.

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Subclasses de pronomes
Pronome pessoal
Refers to the persons in speech: 1ª, 2ª ou 3ª pessoa.
- Formas tónicas: used alone or for emphasis (mim, ti, ele, nós).
- Formas átonas: used attached to the verb (me, te, se, o, a, nos, vos).
Pronome pessoal em adjacência verbal
- Ênclise: after the verb (amar-me-ás).
- Próclise: before the verb (me amarás).
- Mesóclise: in the middle of the verb, used with future tense (amar-me-ás).
Contração de pronomes pessoais
Personal pronouns (pronomes pessoais) can combine with direct (direto) and indirect (indireto) objects into a single form.
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Pronome pessoal “se”
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Indicates position or reference: este, essa, aquele, isto, isso, aquilo.
Pronome possessivo
Indicates possession: meu, teu, seu, nossa, vossos.
Pronome indefinido
Indicates vague quantity or identity: alguém, ninguém, tudo, algum, certo.
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Ex.: ele, aquele, meu, ninguém.
Subclasses de pronomes
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