Heart is an important muscular organ, formed mainly by cardiac muscle
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Heart is an important muscular organ, formed mainly by cardiac muscle, which is part of the cardiovascular system. It measures about 12 cm long and 9 cm wide. It weighs, on average, 250 to 300 g in adults. The function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body. The heart is divided into four chambers: two atria (upper cavities where blood comes to the heart) and two ventricles (lower cavities where blood leaves the heart). Between the atria and the ventricles there are valves (right atrioventricular valves and the left atrioventricular valve) that regulate the flow of blood and prevent its reflux, that is, the return of blood from the ventricles to the atria. The cardiac wall is formed by three tunics: pericardium (serous membrane that surrounds the heart), endocardium (thin and smooth membrane that lines the heart cavities internally) and myocardium (responsible for heart contractions).
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