≡Russian Revolution (1917)
In 1917, Russia experienced a revolution that overthrew the Tsarist regime and ushered in the communist era. Dissatisfaction with the monarchy of Nicholas II was growing due to the economic crisis, famine and the country's disastrous participation in the First World War.
In February, workers' protests and soldiers' revolt forced the Tsar to abdicate, establishing a provisional government led by Alexander Kerensky. However, instability persisted and paved the way for the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin. In October, the Communist Party seized power in a coup known as the October Revolution, establishing a socialist government based on Marxist ideals.
The new regime withdrew Russia from the war and initiated radical reforms, such as land expropriation and nationalization of the economy. The Russian Revolution resulted in a bloody civil war between the Bolsheviks and their opponents, consolidating the creation of the Soviet Union in 1922. The event transformed global politics and influenced socialist movements around the world, beginning the polarization between capitalism and communism that would mark the 20th century.
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