Metabolism: The Balance
Metabolism is a set of chemical reactions essential for the maintenance of life, divided into two fundamental processes: catabolism and anabolism. Catabolism involves the breakdown of complex molecules, such as carbohydrates and lipids, releasing energy in exergonic reactions – those that produce ATP, cellular fuel. Examples include glycolysis and cellular respiration.
On the other hand, anabolism is responsible for the construction of molecules, such as proteins and DNA, consuming energy in endergonic reactions. This process is essential for cell growth, tissue repair and energy storage, and is driven by the ATP generated in catabolism.
The balance between these metabolic pathways ensures the functioning of the organism. Studies in bioenergetics seek to optimize this process to treat metabolic diseases and develop innovative therapies, reinforcing the importance of these reactions for health and science.
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