The Guardians of the Seabed
Echinoderms a group of invertebrate animals unique to the marine environment, are known for their radial symmetry and vital role in ocean ecosystems. This phylum includes sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sea lilies and other organisms that inhabit the seabed in all of the planet's oceans.
Features
Echinoderms have an endoskeleton made up of calcareous plates, which offer protection and support. They stand out for their ambulacral system, a network of hydraulic channels that control the so-called "ambulacral feet", used for locomotion, feeding and even gas exchange.
Another fascinating aspect is its ability to regenerate. Sea stars, for example, can rebuild lost arms, a feature that helps them survive in challenging environments.
Diversity and Functions in Ecosystems
Sea stars: Predators that regulate populations of molluscs and other invertebrates, helping to maintain ecological balance.
Sea urchins: Grazers that control algal growth on coral reefs, but can cause imbalances if their populations become excessive.
Sea cucumbers: Deep-sea recyclers, process sediments and return nutrients to the ecosystem.
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