Colonia del Sacramento History of Adilson Silva - Pernambuco, Brasil Colonia del Sacramento is a charming colonial city located in Uruguay, on the banks of the Rio de la Plata. Founded by the Portuguese in 1680, it has a preserved historic center and was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The city offers beautiful beaches, a peaceful atmosphere, colonial architecture, historic churches and a variety of restaurants and shops. It is a popular destination for history buffs and tourists looking for charm and tranquility... Did you know?
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Current Most Popular Curiosities Alheira is a traditional sausage in Portuguese cuisine, with a famous version in Mirandela. It is a horseshoe-shaped smoked sausage filled with meat of different species, bread and seasonings. Supposedly, it was created by Jews in the 15th century in Portugal to disguise the consumption of pork, prohibited in the Jewish religion, in order to avoid persecution by the Inquisition. The recipe also ended up being appreciated by Christians, who added pork. Alheira is often grilled or roasted, served with side dishes such as potatoes, vegetables or rice, and is even enjoyed as an appetizer in some places, served with bread.
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The Sun is the only star in the Solar System. The biggest and brightest of all the stars we see in the sky because it is the closest to Earth. It is a medium-sized star, which is in the middle of its stable viewing time. It has illuminated the Solar System for around five million years. It is a huge sphere of Hydrogen and Helium that produces energy and radiates it into space. The mass of the Sun is much greater than that of all other bodies in the Solar System: it corresponds to approximately 99.8% of the mass of the Solar System. It moves together with all the bodies that surround it, around the central region of the Milky Way: we say it has translational movement. As it also rotates on itself, we say that it has a rotational movement. Due to its constitution, which is not uniform, becoming less and less dense towards the surface, it has no defined limits and does not all rotate at the same speed.
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India Pale Ale (IPA) is a beer style that originated in the United Kingdom but was widely popularized in the United States. It is known for its strong bitterness and hop aromas, which range from citrus to floral. There are several subcategories, including American IPA, Double IPA (Imperial IPA), and Session IPA, each with different levels of bitterness and alcohol content. Malts also contribute caramel and bread flavors, balancing the bitterness. IPAs are widely popular in the craft beer scene and pair well with spicy foods, strong cheeses and grilled meats.
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The basic uniform in artistic gymnastics consists of a Lycra leotard for women and shorts or pants for men, usually accompanied by socks on the feet. During competitions, gymnasts compete barefoot. The use of magnesium powder to prevent slips and injuries is common, especially in bars events. Other accessories include palm protectors and mattresses to cushion falls. Competitions take place in closed spaces, such as gymnasiums and stadiums adapted for specific gymnastics equipment. The modality is divided into men's (MAG) and women's (WAG) artistic gymnastics, each with its own set of equipment and movements. Men's equipment includes floor exercise, table vault, pommel horse, parallel bars, chin-up bar and rings, while women's equipment includes beam, floor exercise, table vault and uneven bars.
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Maces are one of the devices used in rhythmic gymnastics. They are usually made of wood or plastic and are between 40 and 50 cm long, weighing at least 150 g each. Maces consist of three parts: the body, the neck and the head. During the routine, the gymnast manipulates the clubs to perform a variety of movements, such as rolls, circles, curves and asymmetrical shapes. The delicacy of the hands is essential to work well with this device, and the gymnast must combine club movements with body movements to create a fluid and harmonious presentation. Mace exercises require rhythm, coordination and precision to ensure high-quality performance.
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Ruby Gillman: Teenage Kraken, a blue teenager, deals with the normal challenges of adolescence, but her controlling mother forbids her from entering the water, because she hides a secret: the family are krakens, marine beings that transform in seawater. When Ruby accidentally discovers her true nature while venturing out to sea, she faces a series of problems.
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James Brown introduced funk in the 1960s with rhythmic changes and distinctive emphasis. He changed the emphasis from traditional soul to a 1:3 beat, becoming characteristic of funk. Although "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag" is considered the starting point, influences were already present in previous songs such as "Out of Sight" and "Cold Sweat". Drummer Chuck Connors' contribution was significant, and Brown's funk style, with syncopated bass lines and guitar riffs, influenced artists such as Sly and Family Stone and The Isley Brothers. Alfred "Pee Wee" Ellis' leadership and Clyde Stubblefield's influence on drumming techniques were essential to modern funk. Groups such as Dyke and the Blazers, Jimmy McGriff and Charles Wright and Watts 103rd Street Rhythm Band followed this evolution, consolidating funk as a distinctive musical genre.
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The oxygen generated by these living beings slowly accumulated in the atmosphere, which changed its composition and created, around 400 million years ago, the conditions necessary for the formation of an ozone layer. This layer is capable of filtering ultraviolet radiation, thus allowing living beings to colonize terrestrial environments outside of water.
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Victory Day is celebrated to mark the end of the Second World War in Europe, with the surrender of Nazi forces on May 8, 1945. It is an occasion to honor those who sacrificed their lives and reflect on values such as peace and freedom. Celebrated on May 8th in many European countries such as the United Kingdom, France, Russia and others, and on September 2nd in the United States, celebrations include ceremonies, parades and tributes to veterans.
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In Elemental, the protagonists Drop and Spark were created digitally with around 10,000 controls, surpassing Pixar's average of 4,000. Director Peter Sohn highlights the challenges resulting from multiple layers of effects. Realistic details were considered, such as the exclusion of the shadow effect for Spark, representing the nature of fire. Gota received special attention to portray the authenticity of water, including bluish tones, malleable shapes and rising bubbles.
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the eight planets in the Solar System, listed in order of increasing distance from the Sun. Known as primary or main planets, they all have enough mass to assume an approximately spherical shape. The planets orbit the Sun in the same direction, in a translational movement. This movement, seen from the Earth's North Pole, follows a counterclockwise direction, called direct direction. During the translation movement, each planet describes an imaginary line around the Sun, called an orbit. The orbits of the planets are:
• Elliptical – that is, they are shaped like ellipses, being practically circular;
• Independent – one from the other;
• Coplanar – as they are all practically on the same plane.
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Astrology, a pseudoscience that explores the influence of the stars on human life, uses the astral chart to show the position of the stars and zodiac signs at the time of a person's birth. According to Kabbalistic astrology, this celestial disposition influences personality. The Astrological Charts are unique, repeating themselves every 26,000 years. Max Haindel, a 20th century astrologer, proposes the concept of "stellar baptism", where astral influences at the moment of birth affect the entire life. This idea is explored in daily horoscopes, highlighting resonances between a person's astral vibration and that of a specific moment. It is recommended to consult an astrologer for the precise interpretation of these elements.
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National Director 's Day is a celebration held in Canada and the United States on May 1 each year. This date recognizes and honors the work of school principals and vice-principals, highlighting their importance in educational leadership and student success. It is an opportunity to express gratitude for your commitment and dedication to providing a positive and productive learning environment for students, teachers, and school communities.
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The film Oppenheimer chronicles the trajectory of J. Robert Oppenheimer from his studies at Cambridge to his leadership of the Manhattan Project to develop the nuclear bomb during World War II. Following the successful nuclear test, Oppenheimer faces ethical and political dilemmas over the use of the bomb, and his views against the continued development of nuclear weapons bring him into conflict with government authorities. His career is marked by political tensions and disputes, resulting in the revocation of his security clearance and the decline of his political influence.
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pixabay: openclipart Earth is a unique and extraordinary planet, being the common home of all species, where we still enjoy the best conditions of comfort, sustenance and protection for life. However, it was not always like this. The planet we know today is the result of a complex process of transformations that began about 4.6 billion years ago. With the advancement of science and technology, human intelligence has made our species the most dominant, capable of influencing natural processes, consuming large amounts of resources and, thus, shaping the future of the planet. Now, we have the responsibility to ensure the survival of all the species that share the Earth with us.
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The fixed bar in artistic gymnastics, exclusively for men, is a device where gymnasts perform rotating movements in an acrobatic routine. Credited to Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, it has been present at the Olympic Games since the first edition. Originally called a horizontal perch, it evolved with innovations, such as the inclusion of starts and restarts. The material is similar to that of women's asymmetrical bars, with malleability for gymnasts' safety. Palm protectors are used to prevent injuries. A good event requires several acrobatic elements and discounts are applied if gymnasts do not meet the minimum requirements. Movements on the chin-up bar include the cubital grip, support, support kippe and überschlag.
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Rock and Roll emerged in the 1950s, resulting from the mixing of black music styles with American folk and country. Big names like Johnny Cash and Little Richard played crucial roles in the development of Rock and Roll, but musicians like Bill Haley, Buddy Holly, Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley and Jackie Brenston were the ones who really shaped the genre's sound and transformed the music and music. artist-product in the recording industry at the time. The starting point can be placed in 1951, in Mississippi, when Jackie Brenston, saxophonist in Ike Turner's band, recorded what is considered the first rock track, "Rocket 88". Later, Bill Haley and his band popularized the "Rockabilly" aspect. Elvis Presley, with his energetic style and bold look, became a global icon with hits like "Heartbreak Hotel."
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International Museum Day is celebrated on May 18 and was established by the International Council of Museums to raise awareness of the role of museums in society. On this day, museums around the world offer special events, exhibitions and activities to engage the public and highlight the cultural and educational importance of museums. It is an opportunity for people to explore cultural diversity, learn about history, art and science, and appreciate global cultural heritage.
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Crawl swimming, or freestyle, is a fast and efficient technique in which swimmers keep their bodies aligned, performing alternating arm movements and kicking their legs. It is widely used in swimming competitions, especially over longer distances, due to its speed. Developed over time with contributions from different swimmers, the front crawl is a fundamental skill taught in swimming classes for beginners and is used both in competitions and for recreation and fitness.
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The official throwing events in athletics include the shot put, hammer throw, discus throw and javelin throw. The shot put involves a metal sphere weighing 7.26 kg for men and 4 kg for women. The hammer is similar, but has a handle that allows linear movement, reaching greater distance. The discus is lighter, weighing 1 kg for women and 2 kg for men, while the javelin is sized 2.20 m and weighs 600 g for women and sized 2.60 m and weighs 800 g for men. The events take place inside the stadium, with specific areas for each launch. These tests have ancient origins and were codified by the British, with the first records recorded in the 19th century.
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Astrology and Music: Astrology, a pseudoscience with no scientific basis, explores the relationship between the movements of the stars and life on Earth. In the musical context, it influences tastes and talents according to the characteristics of each sign. Signs like Taurus, Libra and Pisces are especially linked to music. Astrology can also guide the choice of instruments, inspire personalized compositions and playlists. Although there is no ideal song for each sign, astrology can influence people's emotional connection to music. Respect for individual beliefs is fundamental, even considering that astrology is not a proven science.
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Addition. Properties
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It is an open-world action-adventure game developed by Ubisoft, scheduled for release in 2024, for PC, PS5 and Xbox Series X/S. Set between The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, it explores the criminal underworld of the Star Wars universe. The player takes on the role of Kay Vess, an outlaw who navigates different planets and space systems on missions full of choices that shape the narrative. The game combines exploration, combat, stealth and decisions that influence the plot. Kay is accompanied by Nix, a useful companion in combat and puzzles. With impressive graphics created using the Snowdrop engine, the title promises an innovative experience in the Star Wars universe, focused on the galactic underworld.
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Education Day, celebrated on April 28 , refers to the closing of the 2000 World Education Forum, in Dakar, Senegal. At this event, 164 countries committed to guaranteeing basic and secondary education for all children and young people by 2030. In addition to highlighting the relevance of education beyond the school environment, encompassing family and social values, this date is also marked by initiatives in several educational institutions to raise awareness in the community about the importance of learning in the education of children and adolescents.
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The Demon Slayer manga, written and illustrated by Koyoharu Gotouge, was serialized in Weekly Shonen Jump, one of Japan's most popular manga magazines, from February 2016 to May 2020. Demon Slayer has been adapted into a hugely successful anime series , produced by Ufotable studio. The anime's first season premiered in April 2019 and has become a worldwide sensation.
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Athletics is one of the oldest organized competitions, dating back to the Olympic Games started by the Greeks in 776 BC. After a period of interruption, it was reintroduced to England in the 19th century and gradually became popular. According to Homer, in 1496 BC, the first athletic running event was held, organized by Hercules on the island of Crete. Competitions include a variety of events, from running and jumping to throwing. In 1896, the Olympic Games were reintroduced in Athens, a modified version of the ancient games held in Olympia and later, the games were held in several countries. Modern athletics has been governed by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) since 1912. Athletics dates back to the Ancient Games of Greece and since then has been an ongoing attempt to overcome essential movements such as walking, running, jumping and throwing.
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To choose the perfect beer, try different styles and brands, take food pairings into account and consider flavors, acidity and alcohol content. For example, for pasta, choose Dark Lager, Strong Ale or Pilsner, while for barbecue, opt for Pilsner, Stout or Brown Ale. Seafood pairs well with English Pale Ale, Amber Ale, Hefeweizen and Witbier, and for desserts, choose Stout, Porter or Fruit Lambic. Cheeses can be paired with a variety of beers, but dark beers like porter and stout generally work well. If it is vegetarian food, Pilsner is a good choice due to the variety of vegetarian ingredients.
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Portuguese stew is a traditional Portuguese dish, with regional variations. The basic recipe includes beef, pork and chicken, beef and blood chorizo, farinheira and black pudding, Portuguese cabbage and savoy cabbage, carrots, potatoes and turnips. Regional variations may include ingredients such as fatty chicken, ham, salpicão, pork snout, alheira, rice, corn, pig ear, beef chorizo, blood chorizo, sausage, lamb, green beans, sweet potato, mint, yam and smoked bacon, depending on the region of Portugal where the dish is prepared.
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The history of fencing can be divided into three periods: ancient, modern and contemporary. In the ancient period, the emphasis was on the impact of heavy swords, driving opponents to the ground before they were killed. In the modern period, there was technical development and the establishment of rules. In contemporary times, there have been advances in protective equipment, such as face masks, and the introduction of technology. Currently, fencers compete in three different weapons, following specific rules in championships that involve preliminary groups and elimination brackets.
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Rhythmic gymnastics (GR) is a modality that combines body movements with elements of ballet and dance, performed in harmony with music and the use of equipment such as rope, hoop, ball, clubs and ribbon. Initially practiced only by women in competitions, a male version emerged in Japan. Gymnasts demonstrate harmony, grace and technical precision in their performances, developing the body in an integral way. Competitions take place on elastic platforms, and body movements are the basis of individual and group exercises. The main elements include balance, waves, mills, pivots and veils. Apparatus, such as rope, bow and ball, require specific skills and add beauty to presentations. The typical uniform includes leotards, shoes and gloves.
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In the city of Barcelos, Portugal, there was concern due to an unsolved crime. A Galician suspect, who was passing through on a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, was arrested and sentenced to death on the gallows. He swore his innocence and asked to be taken to the judge who sentenced him. The desperate Galician said that his innocence was as certain as the rooster on the judge's table would crow when he was hanged. Everyone laughed at the statement, but no one touched the rooster. Surprisingly, when the Galician was about to be hanged, the rooster on the table crowed. The judge rushed to the gallows and discovered that the Galician was alive due to a poorly tied knot in the rope. He was released, and the case was closed. Years later, the Galician returned to Barcelos and sculpted the Monument of Senhor do Galo in honor of the Virgin Mary and Santiago Maior. The Rooster of Barcelos has become a popular symbol, representing justice and innocence in Portugal.
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Portuguese Language Day, celebrated on May 5 , is a tribute to the Portuguese language, highlighting its cultural and historical importance. It highlights not only the language itself, but also literature, music, dance and other forms of cultural expression that are expressed through Portuguese. The date promotes cultural and educational events to value the language and strengthen ties between Portuguese-speaking countries. It is an opportunity to celebrate the linguistic and cultural diversity of the people who share Portuguese.
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The ball is one of the devices used in rhythmic gymnastics. Generally made of plastic or rubber, it has a diameter between 18 and 20 cm and weighs at least 400 g. During the routine, the gymnast manipulates the ball dynamically, keeping it in constant movement across the body or in balance. She performs a variety of body elements such as rolls, throws, recoveries and ball handling in sync with the music. The gymnast's skill, control and precision when manipulating the ball are evaluated by the judges. The ball adds an element of grace and fluidity to the gymnast's performance, contributing to a visually stunning performance.
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In the 2000s, the music industry launched a movement similar to university country music, featuring a series of artists such as Bruno & Barretto, César Menotti & Fabiano, Gusttavo Lima, among others. This movement continues to grow, with new talents emerging mainly in Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo. The fifth phase, known as agribusiness, began around 2020, standing out for its exaltation of the countryside, agriculture and agribusiness. This new trend combines elements of traditional country music with modern influences, such as funk, rap and electronic music, attracting both traditional fans and aficionados of contemporary genres. Some artists highlighted in this movement include Ana Castela, Luan Pereira, Leo & Raphael, DJ Cris no Beat, among others.
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Racing is a pure form of athletic expression, prioritizing the athlete's physical conditioning over complex strategies. They are divided into categories based on distance and the presence of obstacles on the route. In short distance races, such as 100, 200 and 400 meters, muscular explosion at the start is essential. Athletes position themselves in the starting blocks in a position on all fours, and false starts lead to disqualification, except in combined events such as the decathlon. In medium distance races, from 800 to 1500 meters, athletes have more freedom of movement. In long-distance races, over 3000 meters, the explosive start has less impact. There are also obstacle races, such as 100, 110, 400 or 3000 meters, requiring athletes to overcome barriers. The marathon, the most traditional, covers 42 kilometers and 195 meters, usually on streets or roads.
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In the 1960s, iconic rock artists and bands emerged, such as The Doors, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Bob Dylan and Velvet Underground. The British The Beatles and The Rolling Stones were pioneers, the Beatles representing Beatlemania with a conventional stance, while the Rolling Stones, led by Mick Jagger, were known for their rebellion. In the late 1960s, subgenres such as folk rock, psychedelic rock and progressive rock emerged, with notable bands such as Yes and Pink Floyd. The legendary Woodstock Festival in 1969 marked the history of rock, highlighting The Who, Jimi Hendrix, Creedence Clearwater Revival and Carlos Santana.
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Treinta y cinco años después del horrible asesinato de tres adolescentes a manos del temido "Totally Killer", regresa en Halloween en busca de la cuarta víctima. Jamie Hughes, una adolescente de dieciséis años, desafía las advertencias de su sobreprotectora madre y, al enfrentarse al maníaco enmascarado, acaba viajando accidentalmente en el tiempo hasta 1987, año de los primeros asesinatos. Sin opciones, Jamie se une a la versión adolescente de su madre para capturar al asesino en serie antes de que quede irreversiblemente atrapada en el pasado. El director Nahnatchka Khan detalla la búsqueda de la máscara perfecta, enfatizando la necesidad de singularidad y horror con relevancia contemporánea.
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World Nature Conservation Day is celebrated on July 28th . This date was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972, during the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment, also known as the Stockholm Conference. The objective of World Nature Conservation Day is to raise awareness about the importance of preserving and protecting biodiversity and our planet's natural ecosystems. It is an opportunity to highlight the environmental challenges faced globally and promote individual and collective actions for nature conservation. On this day, several activities are carried out, such as environmental education campaigns, tree planting, cleaning of natural areas, lectures and events to promote sustainable practices.
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One Piece is an American television series based on the manga by Eiichiro Oda. Produced by Eiichiro Oda, Marty Adelstein and Becky Clements. The narrative follows the Straw Hat Pirates, led by Monkey D. Luffy, in their search for the legendary One Piece treasure, which grants its possessor the title of Pirate King. Facing challenges from the Navy and other crews, the Straw Hats, with solid skills and friendship, embark on an exciting journey to make their dreams come true.
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pexels - U. Nörnberg National Castle Day is celebrated on October 7th in Portugal . This date was created to promote the appreciation and preservation of the historical and cultural heritage represented by the country's castles. Castles, which date back to different periods in Portuguese history, are important architectural and tourist landmarks, as well as symbols of national identity. During this day, several activities are held in many castles, such as guided tours, historical reenactments, workshops and exhibitions, allowing the public to learn more about the history and importance of these monuments.
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pixabay: openclipart Some important events in Earth's history that created the conditions for the emergence of life over thousands of years include: the formation of the planet with impacts from other bodies in the Solar System; the creation of a solid crust, with continents and oceans; the development of an atmosphere with a greenhouse effect; the movement of tectonic plates and volcanic activity; atmospheric electrical phenomena; the formation of simple organic molecules and macromolecules; the emergence of the first primitive cells; the beginning of photosynthesis and the production of oxygen; the creation of the ozone layer and superglaciations that gave rise to new environments.
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Shrinking is an American comedy-drama series created by Bill Lawrence, Jason Segel and Brett Goldstein. The story centers on Jimmy Laird, a grieving therapist played by Segel, who decides to become intensely involved in the lives of his patients. The cast includes Harrison Ford, Jessica Williams, Christa Miller, Michael Urie, Luke Tennie and Lukita Maxwell. Being praised for performances, script, humor and approach to grief. Renewed for a second season, the plot follows Laird, facing the pain after his wife's death, while breaking ethical barriers by honestly expressing his opinions to patients, triggering significant transformations in their lives.
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Parallel bars are a device used exclusively in men's artistic gymnastics. Created by Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, they consist of two parallel beams supported on metal supports. Gymnasts perform series of rotating and balanced movements, lasting fifteen to thirty seconds. Originally designed to strengthen the arms, bars have evolved to incorporate a wide variety of elements that develop balance, strength and agility. Movements include the square, lufrolle and stützkehre, among others.
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The Ballestas Islands in Peru, located near Pisco, are an archipelago accessible from the port of Paracas. Known for its historic guano production in the 19th century, the islands are now an ornithological reserve with diverse seabirds, including the Humboldt penguin and the guano cormorant. Guano extraction is regulated, occurring every 7 years, and the islands are a popular tourist destination, often visited by boat.
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The film "Mussum, O Filmis" is based on the book "Mussum – a story of Humor and Samba" by Juliano Barreto. The plot unfolds across three distinct phases in the life of Antônio Carlos Bernardes Gomes, known as Mussum. In the first phase, his childhood and natural talent for music are presented, despite his mother's desire to see him as a football player. The second part shows Mussum as an adult, balancing his career in the Air Force with nightly performances in the group "Os Originalis do Samba". He forms his family and keeps his artistic activities secret. In the last phase, Mussum gains prominence on television and is nicknamed Grande Othello, becoming recognized throughout Brazil.
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The Kingdom Plantae (Kingdom of Plants) encompasses eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic (photosynthetic) beings with a cell wall rich in cellulose.Photosynthesis: They produce their food using sunlight, water and carbon dioxide.Reproduction: Can be sexual (with gametes) or asexual (cloning, spores, budding).Bryophytes: Small, without conducting vessels (e.g. mosses).Pteridophytes: They have vessels, but no seeds (e.g.: ferns).Gymnosperms: "Naked" seeds, without fruit (e.g. pine trees).Angiosperms: Seeds protected by fruits, flowers (e.g. fruit trees).
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Many people associate astrology solely with creating horoscopes, but in reality, it can be applied to a variety of situations. In addition to personal astrology charts, which can include everything from countries and companies to specific events, astrology has several uses. Horary astrology, for example, is employed to answer specific questions with time constraints, while mundane astrology addresses global events and trends. Electoral astrology is used to choose the right time for important activities, such as surgeries, weddings or business launches.
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The horse used in artistic gymnastics for jumping was replaced by the table in 2001. The table, also known as the German table, is inclined and provides a larger contact area for the athletes. In vaulting, gymnasts must jump onto the table from a springboard, being evaluated based on the height, difficulty and execution of the movement upon reaching the ground. This event is common in both men's and women's artistic gymnastics and is crucial to the gymnast's final score.
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The film "Five Nights at Freddy's: The Neverending Nightmare" follows Mike, responsible for his sister after the death of his parents, facing personal difficulties and dealing with the trauma of his younger brother's kidnapping. Taking a job as a night watchman at Freddy Fazbear's Pizzar, a restaurant with scary animated robots, the film seeks to expand the plot of Scott Cawthon's game of the same name. Directed by Emma Tammi, it stands out for its effective recreation of the frightening environment and impactful visual solutions for the animatronic appearances.
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The Peaky Blinders are a criminal gang of gypsy origins located in Birmingham, England, in 1919, emerging after the end of the First World War. The plot revolves around the ambition of their leader, Thomas "Tommy" Shelby, as the gang attracts the attention of Irish Major Chester Campbell, sent by Winston Churchill to restore order to the city by eliminating the Irish Republican Army, communists, gangs and common criminals. In 1921, the Shelby family expands its criminal enterprises in the South and North, maintaining a solid base in Birmingham. In 1924, they face new challenges when they become involved with anti-communist organizations and the Italian-American mafia. Tommy becomes a member of the English Parliament in 1927 and, in 1929, during Black Thursday, he confronts the English fascist leader Oswald Mosley, preceding the Great Depression.
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The Earth was an uninhabitable place with no breathable air for hundreds of millions of years after its formation. Over time, however, it developed an atmosphere that was quite different from the one we know today. The primitive atmosphere was composed of methane, ammonia, hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapour, but there was no oxygen.
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In the 80s, rock went through an exciting phase, witnessing the emergence of new forms and the consolidation of iconic bands. Initially more sophisticated, rock evolved to incorporate elements of pop culture, with bands such as Duran Duran and The Police standing out. The decade was also marked by the bold look of hard rock, with groups such as Guns N' Roses and Bon Jovi. U2 maintained its success, while heavy metal prospered with bands like Metallica, Megadeth and Slayer, as well as extreme subgenres like black metal with Venom, Bathory and Mercyful Fate. Iron Maiden, with the iconic Eddie the Head, became one of the main bands of the genre. In Brazil, successful groups included Legião Urbana, Barão Vermelho, Capital Inicial, Paralamas do Sucesso, Titãs, RPM and Plebe Rude. In the mid-1980s, Sepultura was created, considered by some to be the biggest Brazilian heavy metal band.
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Saint Florian 's Day, celebrated on May 4 , honors a 3rd-century Christian Roman official born in Germany. He governed the Roman province of Norica, today Austria, and stood out for training soldiers to fight fires, being recognized as the patron saint of firefighters. According to legend, during a serious fire, he said a prayer and used a bucket of water to extinguish the flames, impressing many and converting some to Christianity. However, his faith brought him into conflict with Roman authorities during the persecution of Christians under Emperor Diocletian. Florian refused to renounce his faith and was martyred, tied to a millstone and thrown into the River Enns, where he drowned. His celebration is marked by special ceremonies and tributes to firefighters around the world.
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Astrology, although some defend it as a science, is not recognized as such by the scientific community. It is based on the idea that events on Earth are linked to planetary movements at the time of birth, influencing characteristics and destinies. However, the lack of consensus on how this relationship occurs and the absence of scientific foundations are critical points. Statistical studies, such as those by Michel Gauquelin, are cited by astrologers but remain questionable. The validity of astrology is challenged in cases of identical twins, and the lack of falsifiability in astrological claims is a concern. Physicist Stephen Hawking points to incompatibility with established scientific theories as the central reason for the rejection of astrology by most scientists.
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Country music, born in Brazil in the 1910s, is known for its compositions such as modas and emboladas, with the viola as a highlight. Originating from urban and rural composers, sertanejo is now one of the most popular genres in the country, especially in states such as São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Goiás. Countryside country music, with its roots in São Paulo bandeirismo, is the most prominent style. Country music gained prominence in the countryside of São Paulo, being recorded for the first time in 1929. The evolution of this musical genre has been the subject of debate, with some considering country music and country music as synonymous, while others see them as independent genres. Subgenres such as Caipira, Sertanejo Romântico and Sertanejo Universitário are included in MPB.
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After five years under CRM control, Rick Grimes has tried to escape several times without success. He eventually accepts an offer to join the CRM as a soldier. Meanwhile, Michonne desperately searches for Rick, facing challenges and dangers. Eventually, the two are reunited when Michonne attacks a CRM helicopter. They plan to escape together, but are confronted by Jadis, a CRM figure. After a series of events, including betrayals and confrontations, Michonne and Rick finally manage to escape together in a daring escape.
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Combined athletics events are challenges that bring together several modalities to test the versatility of athletes. For women, there is the heptathlon, made up of seven events: 100m hurdles, high jump, shot put, 200m dash, long jump, javelin throw and 800m dash. For men, there is the decathlon, which includes ten events: 100m dash, long jump, shot put, high jump, 400m dash, 110m hurdles, discus throw, pole vault, javelin throw and 1,500m shallow. These competitions are held over two days, and athletes accumulate points based on their performance in each event. In the end, those with the highest scores are declared winners.
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Astrology, with records dating back to the third millennium BC, played an important role in several cultures, influencing ancient astronomy and other disciplines. Until the Modern Age, astrology and astronomy were indistinguishable, but they gradually separated. Astrologers claim that celestial bodies influence events on Earth. However, rigorous scientific studies have not proven its effectiveness, leading to its classification as pseudoscience. Tests have shown insignificant results, while generic personality descriptions (Forer Effect) may explain its popularity.
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The backstroke, also called backstroke, is a fundamental swimming technique in which swimmers face away from the water. They perform alternating arm movements and leg kicks for propulsion. It is practiced in swimming competitions and is considered safer for beginners, as it does not require submerging the face in water. Additionally, it is taught in swimming classes and used for recreational exercise due to its low impact.
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Samba was born in Bahia in the 19th century, influenced by African culture and slave festivals. In 1910, it gained prominence in Rio de Janeiro, mixing with other rhythms. Despite the first registration in 1917, samba grew in the 1930s with samba schools and radio. Singers such as Noel Rosa, Cartola and others marked its history. Over time, styles such as party alto, samba-enredo and Samba-Rock emerged, the latter becoming a popular ballroom dance.
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The sign Virgo, sixth of the Zodiac, is represented by a young woman holding an ear of wheat or a scale, symbolizing harvests and pondering. The legend behind this sign dates back to the Greek myth of the creation of the World, according to which the Titans, Prometheus and Epimetheus, created men and animals. Epimetheus gave gifts to animals, but for men, without gifts, he asked for help from Prometheus, who gave the gift of fire, granting superiority to humans. Zeus imprisoned Prometheus for revealing the secret of fire and sent Pandora to Earth with a forbidden box. Upon opening it, evils were released, except hope. The gods left, beginning the Iron Age, and Astreia, goddess of purity, took refuge in the constellation Virgo, symbolizing the hope of a golden age.
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Livestock is one of the oldest activities of humanity, with the aim of producing food and other raw materials. The main products generated by this practice are meat, milk, eggs, honey, leather, bones and wool. There are two basic types of livestock: intensive and extensive. There are two types: beef cattle farming focuses on meat production, while dairy farming focuses on milk production. Agriculture is the term used to designate the junction between animal husbandry and vegetable cultivation.
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Cotopaxi, the highest active volcano in the world, stands out in a national park with lakes and Andean animals, and is a tourist attraction about 95 kilometers from Quito. Despite its grandeur and beauty, it is an active volcano, with more than 50 recorded eruptions since 1738. Tourists seek to reach its peak at 5,897 meters above sea level, while Cotopaxi National Park offers several attractions, including rivers, lakes and a variety of fauna . Volcanic activities have been monitored by the Ecuadorian government and universities since the last major eruption in 1904.
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"The Last of Us" series is a post-apocalyptic adaptation of the 2013 video game developed by Naughty Dog. Premiering on January 15, 2023 on HBO, the plot follows Joel (played by Pedro Pascal), a smuggler tasked with escorting teenager Ellie (played by Bella Ramsey) in a United States devastated by an outbreak of a fungus that has transformed humans into cannibalistic monsters. Set 20 years after the infection, the story unfolds when Joel is hired to take Ellie, immune to the disease, to the base of the Vaga-Lumes group, where they seek to develop a cure. What starts as a simple task turns into a dangerous and exciting journey, as they face monsters and enemies to survive.
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In the film Killers of the Flower Moon, in the 1920s, the Osage Indians in Oklahoma became the richest per capita population in the United States due to the discovery of oil on their land. However, a mysterious series of murders began to occur among them. Desperate, the Osage sought the intervention of the newly created FBI to investigate these complex crimes. The Osage case, marked by poisonings, shootings and strangulations, revealed an intricate plot, with oil money infiltrating not only the Osage community, but also the FBI itself and even the White House.
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The modern phase of country music began in the 1960s with the introduction of the electric guitar by Léo Canhoto and Robertinho, inspired by Elvis Presley and country music. In the following decade, Sérgio Reis contributed to its popularization by adopting a cowboy look and recording traditional repertoire. In the 1980s, country music became massively commercialized with a romantic approach, resulting in several successful duos. At the same time, urban country music mixed elements of country music with MPB. Against this commercial trend, artists emerged who sought to rescue country traditions.
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Cobras & Lagartos is a Brazilian soap opera on TV Globo that aired from April to November 2006. The plot, written by João Emanuel Carneiro, follows the story of millionaire Omar Pasquim, who, facing a terminal illness, discovers the betrayals of his family and his niece Bel. When he decides to leave his fortune to Bel and his friend Duda, a mix-up causes the inheritance to end up in the hands of the scoundrel Foguinho. He, encouraged by Ellen, a saleswoman at the Luxus store, continues the charade and becomes president of the company, facing the antics of other characters. The plot creates a fun contrast between high society and the emerging periphery.
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It is a game focused on the magical sport of Quidditch, allowing players to experience the excitement of matches in the Harry Potter universe. Developed by Unbroken Studios and published by Warner Bros. Games, the title offers an immersive experience with several playable positions, such as Seeker, Gunner, Beater and Goalkeeper, in addition to allowing customization of characters and flying styles. The game includes career modes, multiplayer competitions and a PvP (player versus player) version, where you can compete with friends. One of the great advantages is that the game's content can be unlocked only through progress, without microtransactions. The game also introduces new rules for Quidditch, such as changing the value of the Golden Snitch and the duration of matches. This game offers a new vision of the wizarding world, with new scenarios and arcade-style gameplay, differentiating itself from other titles such as Hogwarts Legacy.
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The first edition of the Copa Libertadores, then called the Champions Cup, took place in 1960, with the participation of seven teams that were champions of their countries in 1959. Peñarol from Uruguay won the first game against Jorge Wilstermann from Bolivia 7-1, with the first goal in the history of the competition scored by Carlos Borges. Peñarol ended up winning the title by defeating Olimpia of Paraguay in the final.
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The winner of the Copa Libertadores guarantees their place in the FIFA Club World Cup as a CONMEBOL representative, in addition to automatically qualifying for the Recopa Sul-Americana the following year.
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Manuel, a brave soldier from Belmonte, was captured by the Muslims and became a slave in Algiers. Despite the years of captivity, Manuel never lost hope of returning to his homeland and seeing the Virgin of Hope. When he explained its meaning to a Moor, his work became more arduous. However, the Virgin of Hope intervened, causing the ark where Manuel slept to take flight and disappear towards the sea, leaving all the Moors astonished.
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Francesinha is a delicacy originating from Porto, Portugal, made with two slices of lightly toasted bread, filled with beef steak, sausage, mortadella, fresh sausage and cheese. The sandwich is covered with several slices of cheese and placed in the oven until melted. The most important ingredient is the hot and spicy sauce. The story goes that it was created in the fifties, by a Portuguese named Daniel David Silva, who, having been an emigrant in France, used as inspiration one of the most typical sandwiches in France, the “Croque-Monsieur”, but adapted to the taste and gastronomic culture of the city of Porto. The quality of the meat and bread, as well as the diversity of alcoholic beverages in the sauce, influence the flavor of Francesinha, making it a beloved delicacy in the region.
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Subtraction. Properties
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Remembrance and Reconciliation Day, celebrated on May 8 , honors the victims of the Second World War and highlights the importance of peace and reconciliation. It is an opportunity to reflect on the horrors of war, recognize the sacrifices made and promote understanding between nations. This date also reminds us of the continued need to seek peace and build a future based on mutual respect and cooperation.
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pixabay Atmosphere: The atmosphere plays crucial roles in sustaining life, such as filtering harmful ultraviolet rays through the ozone layer , protecting against meteorite impacts , and regulating the environmental temperature compatible with life through the greenhouse effect . These characteristics help create suitable conditions for life.gravitational attraction to keep this layer of gases attached to its surface. Without this gravitational force, the atmosphere would disperse into space.
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In the 60s, the decade was marked by the rise of bossa nova and the rediscovery and revaluation of samba. Bossa nova, influenced by João Gilberto's distinctive guitar beat, which accompanies his small but technically perfect voice, provokes the most radical transformation in the genre in its first 40 years of existence. This new style, more than a movement, attracts university youth from the South Zone of Rio. With its rhythm more accessible to foreign audiences compared to traditional samba, bossa nova transcends borders, leading several of its songs, notably Garota de Ipanema, to become worldwide hits. At the same time, traditional samba resurfaces at events that have no direct connection with bossa nova. The first highlight is Zicartola, a house that, for three years, lit up a townhouse on Rua da Carioca with samba.
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World Accordion Day, celebrated on May 6 , is an occasion to recognize and promote this versatile and culturally significant musical instrument. The accordion is a keys and bellows instrument that produces sound when the bellows are compressed or expanded while the keys or buttons are pressed. The date highlights its popularity in different musical styles and provides opportunities for musicians and enthusiasts to share their passion for this instrument. Events such as concerts, festivals and workshops are held to celebrate accordion music and its contribution to world culture.
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The Vikings were the pioneers in discovering cod, drying it in the open air for preservation. In the mid-14th century, Portugal began to link fishing and salting. During the Discoveries in the 15th century, the Portuguese discovered that cod was the perfect food for long sea voyages and began fishing for it in the waters of the northern Atlantic. Cod is traditionally dried and salted, preserving its nutritional properties. Portugal has a quality cod processing industry and exports to countries such as Brazil, France, Angola and Italy. Cod is a rich source of proteins, minerals and omega-3 fatty acids, and is considered a healthy food. It can be prepared in different ways, such as: Gomes de Sá style, Brás style, with cream, roasted with potatoes, etc.
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At the beginning, there is samba. Or semba. Or whatever the name given to the singing and dancing parties of the Bahians of Cidade Nova. Later, samba evolves into a distinct musical genre. Whether sung, like the one by the group that created "Pelo Telephone", or danced in the front rooms, including Ciata, among other Bahian "aunts" and their descendants. In backyards, Afro cults are celebrated with the tacit connivance of the police. Samba, now as a genre, is born from umbigada, batuque, lundu, polka and several other influences, with its graceful movements and captivating nuances, often intertwining with maxixe, the "excommunicated dance". It is this amaxixado samba, exemplified by artists such as Sinhô, nicknamed the King of Samba, and "Pelo Telephone" himself, which rocked Rio de Janeiro, including during Carnival, in the first three decades of the 20th century.
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Astrology is considered a pseudoscience that proposes that the positions of celestial bodies can reveal information about human personality and life. When used as an oracle, it is seen as a divinatory practice. Although psychologist Carl Gustav Jung explored astrology, his theory of Synchronicity is widely refuted due to a lack of scientific basis.
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Astrology, based on celestial observation and the movements of astronomical bodies, uses ephemerides to determine celestial positions. The Horoscope is the main tool, representing the position of the bodies in relation to the zodiac signs, astrological houses and aspects. Several astrological traditions, such as Western, Chinese, Vedic and Kabbalistic, have specific approaches, involving natal, horary, elective, world and agricultural astrology. Astrology influenced the language and, while the Western uses the tropical zodiac, the Hindu uses the sidereal, more aligned with the astronomical position of the stars.
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The discovery of penicillin: a revolution in medicine. In 1929, by a stroke of luck, Alexander Fleming found the first antibiotic, penicillin. During World War II, its potential was extensively tested, saving countless lives. Noel Rosa and many other artists could have been saved from tuberculosis if this discovery had occurred earlier.
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pexels: Dongdilac Geosphere dynamics: The movement of tectonic plates and the rock cycle are processes that shape landscapes, form soils and create new environments, driving the evolution and diversity of species.Water: The abundance of liquid water is essential for life, as it makes up between 70% and 90% of the body weight of living beings and participates in all their vital processes.Natural environments: The variety of habitats on Earth favors the capacity for adaptation and the growth of biodiversity, increasing the chances of survival and continuity of species.
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Rick and Michonne escape from a CRM helicopter and end up in a failed community. As they try to escape, they are bombed and end up facing a series of challenges, including confrontations with bandits. After several twists and turns, they decide to return to the CRM to destroy compromising evidence. With the help of allies, they manage to expose the CRM's nefarious plans and finally return home, reuniting with their children.
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pixabay The Moon and the giant planets: The movement of the Moon around the Earth helps to stabilize the axis of rotation, maintaining a constant tilt, which is crucial for the cycle of the seasons . In addition, the gravitational force of the Moon is responsible for the occurrence of tides and ocean currents , which influence the Earth's climate . The gravity of the giant planets, especially Jupiter, attracts asteroids and comets that could collide with the Earth and cause extinctions . Earth's magnetic field: This field acts as a protective shield, deflecting much of the harmful radiation emitted by the Sun.
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Wish is an upcoming Disney animated musical film that combines computer animation with traditional watercolor animation. Directed by Chris Buck and Fawn Veerasunthorn, the film tells the story of Asha, a 17-year-old girl who makes a passionate wish upon the stars in the Kingdom of Roses, where she feels a darkness that no one else notices. Inspired by Disney's 100th anniversary, the film explores the recurring theme that wishes come true. Julia Michaels and Benjamin Rice are responsible for the songs, while David Metzger composes the soundtrack.
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Ismael Silva was an important Brazilian samba player, born in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, on September 14, 1905, and died on March 14, 1978. He played a fundamental role in the development of Rio de Janeiro samba and is considered one of the pioneers of the genre . Ismael Silva was one of the founders of the famous samba school Estação Primeira de Mangueira, in 1928, and is credited with having composed, in partnership with other musicians, the first song considered samba, entitled "Pelo Telephone". This composition, from 1916, is often recognized as the starting point for samba as a musical genre. In addition to his contribution to music, Ismael Silva was also known for his skill as an instrumentalist and composer. He actively participated in the Rio music scene in the 1920s and 1930s, being one of the main representatives of roots samba.
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Saint Philip , celebrated on May 3 , was one of the first followers of Jesus, born in Bethsaida, Galilee, and was previously a disciple of Saint John the Baptist. Although mentioned little in the Gospels, he played an important role among the disciples. He presented the discovery of Jesus as the Messiah to Nathanael and had a notable participation in the multiplication of the loaves. At the Last Supper, his question about seeing the Father resulted in a profound revelation of Jesus' divinity. After the resurrection of Jesus, Philip dedicated himself to preaching the Gospel in Greece and Phrygia, accompanied by his family. Accounts of his death vary, with some indicating that he was crucified upside down and others that he was stoned. His devotion and sacrifice exemplify his dedication to the Christian faith.
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Pagode emerged as an offshoot of samba at the end of the 1970s in Rio de Janeiro, at backyard parties. Beth Carvalho played a crucial role in promoting the genre, when she met the group Fundo de Quintal. Pagoda innovation included the creation of percussion instruments. Beth Carvalho invited Fundo de Quintal for the album "De Pé no Chão" (1978), launching artists such as Jorge Aragão and Zeca Pagodinho. In the 90s, pagode gained prominence with romantic lyrics and the success of groups such as Raça Negra and Art Popular.
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In the 1980s, funk underwent significant changes with the introduction of electronic technologies and synthesizers, replacing traditional elements such as brass and classic funk instruments. Subgenres such as electro emerged, influencing break and hip hop movements. Rick James and Prince were pioneers in exploring sensual themes and extensive use of technology in funk. Other bands, such as Cameo and Gap Band, followed this trend in the 1980s. Rap and hip hop gained prominence, while the use of samplers popularized funk beats in house music. At the same time, artists such as Red Hot Chili Peppers incorporated elements of funk rock.
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The Revolution of April 25 , also known as the Carnation Revolution, was a historic event in Portugal, which took place on April 25, 1974, which overthrew the dictatorial regime of the Estado Novo, in force since 1933. Led by the Armed Forces Movement (MFA ), composed mainly of captains who had participated in the Colonial War, the movement enjoyed massive popular support. The military action resulted in few civilian casualties and led to the appointment of the National Salvation Board to govern the country. There followed a period of social and political unrest known as PREC (Revolutionary Process in Progress). On April 25, 1976, a new democratic Constitution came into force, marking the end of the authoritarian regime and the beginning of a democratic period in Portugal. The military coup was triggered by dissatisfaction with the colonial war, internal divisions within the regime and political repression.
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The Farroupilha Revolution was an armed conflict that took place in southern Brazil between 1835 and 1845, led by Rio Grande do Sul farmers, the "farrapos", against the Brazilian imperial government. They sought greater regional autonomy, reduced taxes and an end to practices that harmed the local economy. The war was marked by bloody battles and brutality on both sides. The conflict came to an end with the signing of the "Peace of Ponche Verde" in 1845, which granted amnesty to the rebels and brought concessions from the imperial government. Gaúcho Day, or Farroupilha Revolution Day, is celebrated on September 20 , marking the beginning of the revolt in 1835. This date is important in Gaucho culture, being celebrated with parades, festivals and civic events throughout Rio Grande do Sul .
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Michael Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, record producer and philanthropist. He was born on August 29, 1958, in Gary, Indiana and died on June 25, 2009, in Los Angeles, California. Known as the "King of Pop", Jackson is considered one of the most influential and iconic artists in music history. Jackson began his musical career as a member of The Jackson 5, formed by him and his brothers. The group achieved success in the 1970s with hits such as "ABC", "I Want You Back" and "I'll Be There". His debut solo album, "Off the Wall" (1979), showcased a new, more mature sound and featured hits such as "Don't Stop 'Til You Get Enough" and "Rock with You". His untimely death in 2009 left a lasting legacy and a void in the music industry.
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As described by Grove Music Online, the term "pop music" emerged in the United Kingdom in the 1950s to describe rock and roll and other youth styles influenced by it. According to the Oxford Dictionary of Music, although it originally referred to mass-audience concerts, from the late 1950s onwards, pop began to denote non-classical music, especially songs performed by artists such as The Beatles, Rolling Stones and ABBA. From 1967 onwards, the term began to contrast with rock, delineating two distinct categories. Michael Jackson, known as the "King of Pop", stood out with the emergence of MTV in the 80s, due to his visual appeal.
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Totalmente Demais is a Brazilian soap opera on TV Globo, broadcast from November 2015 to May 2016 in 175 chapters. The plot, an adaptation of the play "Pygmalion" by George Bernard Shaw, was freely based on the work and written by Rosane Svartman and Paulo Halm. The story follows Eliza, a poor young woman who runs away from home to escape her abusive stepfather. She gets involved in a modeling contest, becoming the target of a dispute between the arrogant editor Carolina and Arthur. The plot also addresses complicated relationships, including Germano and Lili's failed marriage, the rivalry between sisters Cassandra and Débora, and the twist with the return of Sofia, Germano and Lili's daughter, previously considered dead. The cast includes Marina Ruy Barbosa, Fábio Assunção, Juliana Paes, Felipe Simas, Humberto Martins, Vivianne Pasmanter, Daniel Rocha and Juliana Paiva.
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The Copa Libertadores trophy was designed in 1959, at the request of CONMEBOL president, Férmin Sorhueta, for the tournament that would begin in 1960. It was designed by Italian designer Alberto de Gásperi in Lima, Peru, and approved by the entity's directors. It was decided that the clubs that won the tournament three times in a row would keep the trophy permanently.
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Egyptian civilization flourished in the northeast of the African continent along the banks of the Nile River, between the Arabian and Libyan deserts, from 3500 BC, lasting about 3000 years. Its development was driven by the fertility of the soil, enriched by the annual floods of the Nile. The Egyptians mastered engineering, building dikes and canals for irrigation during the dry season, as well as using the river as the main transportation and communication route for trade. Agriculture was the basis of the economy, cultivating wheat, barley, flax and other crops, while ranching, fishing and hunting. Crafts also prospered, including pottery, goldsmithing and metalworking. Agricultural surpluses boosted trade, with Egypt exporting wheat, pottery, and linen cloth, and importing raw materials such as wood, copper, and precious metals.
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In this Cascais legend, there was a castle inhabited by a malevolent sorcerer (or giant). The sorcerer chose the most beautiful maiden in the region to marry, but when he saw her in person and was rejected, he locked her in a tower near the sea. He hired a knight to guard it. Years passed, and the knight and the maiden fell in love, deciding to run away together. The sorcerer, furious, summoned a storm that opened rocks on the coast, swallowing the lovers into the sea. The resulting hole became known as the "Boca do Inferno" due to the tragedy. On stormy days, they say the place seems to mourn the lovers' unhappy story.
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The film It Lives Inside, tells the story of Sam (Megan Suri) and her friend Tamira (Mohana Krishnan) who, as children, used to listen to scary tales told by their mothers (Neeru Bajwa). One of these stories warned about the dangers of sleeping with bad feelings in your heart, as this could trigger the release of an evil entity. By accident, they release an ancient demonic entity from a jar that should never have been opened. As evil feeds on his worst fears, Sam embarks on a journey to uncover ancient secrets and try to save his life and those around him.
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Volleyball was invented on February 9, 1895 by William George Morgan in the United States. Initially known as Mintonette, the aim was to create a non-contact team sport to minimize injuries. Soon, the game, which started with a basketball, gained popularity under the name volleyball. Morgan died on December 27, 1942. In 1947, the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) was founded, and two years later the first World Championship took place, initially only for men. The women's event was included in 1952. Since 1964, volleyball has been an Olympic sport. Starting at the 1988 Olympic Games, a new rule prohibited interruptions to dry the court, leading players to carry towels tied to their shorts.
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October 12th is the day of the Discovery of America , when the navigator Christopher Columbus, in the service of Spain, arrived on the American continent during his first expedition. Searching for a new route to the Indies, he ended up landing on the Caribbean islands, inaugurating an era of European exploration and colonization in the Americas. Columbus believed he had reached the Asian continent, but in fact he had discovered a new territory. This event had a profound impact on indigenous civilizations, which suffered from invasions, diseases and enslavement. The date is celebrated as the Discovery of America Day or Columbus Day in several countries, such as the United States, where it is marked by parades, but also by reflections on the impact of colonization. In Mexico and Spain, it is known as Hispanidad Day or Race Day, highlighting the Iberian cultural heritage.
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pexels - Pia B International Octopus Day is celebrated on October 8 , a date created by Octopus News Magazine Online (TONMO) in honor of these incredible animals, which have eight appendages. The choice of the day coincides with mating season, making it an ideal time to raise awareness about octopuses, known for their intelligence and camouflage abilities. With 90% of their bodies composed of muscles, they have three hearts and around five hundred million neurons. The celebration aims to highlight the importance of octopuses in marine ecosystems and promote the protection of their habitats. Events are organized around the world to educate the public about the threats these animals face, such as pollution and overfishing.
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Brazilian Literature Day, on May 1 , celebrates the great writers and their works that shaped the diversity of the country's literary schools. In addition to honoring José de Alencar, recognized for his remarkable novels, the day highlights the importance of national literature, from the 16th century to contemporary movements. The date also coincides with National Children's Book Day, highlighting Monteiro Lobato's legacy in Brazilian children's literature.
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In the 1980s, the term "pagode" - initially associated with samba parties in suburban backyards - underwent a transformation in meaning. Throughout this decade, the Cacique de Ramos block not only introduced new accompaniment elements, such as the banjo, the tantã instead of the surdo, and the hand repique, but also reconfigured the sound, giving rise to a new generation of samba players, with emphasis on Almir Guineto and Zeca Pagodinho. The Fundo de Quintal group emerges as a prominent representative of this movement. Many Cacique samba players go on to successful solo careers. Beth Carvalho, eventually honored as godmother of the block, draws the attention of record companies to the quality of what is being produced there. These record companies release albums known as "pau-de-sebo", distributing the tracks among several artists to, in the end, select those who deserve an exclusive album.
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Amy Winehouse, a talented singer and songwriter, was born into a family with a strong connection to music. Her father, Mitchell Winehouse, worked as a billboard installer, taxi driver and amateur singer, and her mother, Janis, was a pharmacist. Since her childhood, Amy demonstrated a natural talent for music. However, her youth was marked by family challenges, such as her parents' divorce when she was just nine years old. It was at this time that she began attending the Susi Earnshaw Theater School, where she was able to develop her vocal and musical skills. Her talent continued to shine, which earned her a scholarship at the Sylvia Young Theater School. Amy later entered the Brit Performing Arts and Technology School, where, at age 14, she began experimenting with psychoactive substances. At 15, she was already performing in jazz clubs.
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The ribbon is one of the rhythmic gymnastics devices, consisting of a stylus (stick) that holds the ribbon made of satin or similar material. During the performance, the gymnast manipulates the ribbon by performing movements such as throws, serpentines and throws in different directions to create designs in space. It is a highly plastic device, allowing the gymnast to express their creativity and artistic ability.
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May 13th marks the abolition of slavery in Brazil , in 1888, through the signing of the Lei Áurea by Princess Isabel. More than 700,000 slaves were freed, the result of decades of struggle by the abolitionist movement, civil society and the slaves themselves. However, abolition was not followed by effective measures to integrate black people into society, and racism persisted. The abolition process was gradual and faced resistance from slave-owning political elites, being marked by a series of abolitionist laws. Despite the difficulties, the abolition of slavery was a milestone in Brazilian history, highlighting the fight for equality and social justice.
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The ground is a piece of equipment contested by men and women. Present since the Paris Games in 1900, it is part of the general competition in artistic gymnastics. Archange Tuccaro, a 16th century Italian acrobat, is considered a pioneer of this practice. Initially little valued, it became an integral part of gymnastics competitions from 1923 onwards. It consists of an area measuring 12m x 12m, where athletes perform a combination of acrobatics, balance and strength, with elements of artistic expression and music in women's competitions. . Scores are based on the difficulty of the movements, artistic expression, execution of required elements, and overall quality of the performance. Penalties are applied for performance errors, such as leaving the designated area or not being in sync with the music. Solo routines last up to 90 seconds and are choreographed with acrobatic and dance elements.
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World Turtle Day is celebrated on May 23rd every year. This date was created with the aim of raising awareness about the conservation of sea turtles and their habitats. Sea turtles face several threats, such as bycatch, habitat destruction, marine pollution and illegal hunting, which have brought many species to a state of danger of extinction. World Turtle Day serves as an opportunity to highlight the importance of protecting these incredible creatures and promoting conservation action around the world.
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Many years ago on the island of Terceira, in the Azores, a young noblewoman was forced to marry a man her father had chosen. However, her heart belonged to a house slave. Despite the conventions of the time prohibiting such love, the two secretly fell in love. When the husband found out, he had the slave arrested. He fled through the hills, but when he found himself cornered, his tears of sadness gave rise to a lake. Pursued by hunting horses, the slave jumped into the lake and drowned. The lagoon became known as the "Lagoa do Negro" and is located on the island of Terceira, in the Azores.
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The band Tower of Power, formed in California in 1968, released the album "East Bay Grease" in 1970, marking a crucial point in the development of funk. Throughout the 1970s, the band contributed to popularizing funk, also influencing the funk-rock movement led by George Clinton, which resulted in the bands Parliament and Funkadelic. Funk, initially unknown to white audiences, gained prominence in the 1970s, especially through disco music. Groups such as Mandrill, BT Express, Earth, Wind & Fire, Michael Jackson and Prince contributed to the expansion of funk, which maintained its popularity even with the emergence of disco. Furthermore, funk was exported to Africa, giving rise to afrobeat, with Fela Kuti considered the creator of this style.
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From the early 1970s onwards, funk gave rise to several subgenres, such as psychedelic funk, funk rock, jazz-funk, avant-funk, go-go, boogie, electro-funk, funk metal, G-funk, Timba funk, funk jam and samba-funk. Each subgenre incorporates distinct elements, such as the use of synthesizers in psychedelic funk, the fusion of funk and rock in funk rock, and the influence of jazz in jazz-funk. Notable artists include George Clinton, Prince, and bands like Red Hot Chili Peppers and Living Color. Funk continued to evolve and influence diverse musical styles throughout the decades, from the 1970s to the 1990s and beyond.
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Tá Escrito is a Brazilian comedy produced by Globo Filmes in partnership with Paris Entretenimento, directed by Matheus Souza. The film stars Larissa Manoela as Alice, an advertising student who, upon receiving a blank book, gains the power to make astrological predictions written in it. The film marks the second collaboration between Larissa Manoela and André Luiz Frambach and the fifth partnership between Victor Lamoglia and director Matheus Souza.
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The rings are an exclusive device for men's artistic gymnastics, requiring strength and balance in the upper limbs. Its origin dates back two thousand years, but its current form was introduced by Adolf Spiess in 1802. Gymnasts perform series with static and acrobatic movements, such as the Cross and the Chechi, being evaluated on the precision and difficulty of the elements. Discounts are applied for disconnection of the device, swinging of the rings and lack of correct posture. The movements demonstrate the complexity of the series performed on the rings.
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The Olympic beam, known simply as beam, is a fundamental device in women's artistic gymnastics, present in all official competitions. Its competitive use dates back to 1934 and its Olympic debut occurred in 1936. Initially, the exercises were performed on pine trunks and were improved over time. The modern beam is 5 meters long, 10 centimeters wide and is located 1.25 meters above the ground. Gymnasts have 90 seconds to perform their series, which includes jumps, spins, spins and acrobatic elements. The difficulty of the exercises has increased over the years, with pioneers such as Olga Korbut and Nadia Comaneci introducing acrobatic sets. The score is determined by the quality and difficulty of the choreography, with penalties for errors such as imbalances, falls or exceeding the performance time limit.
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The collapse of the Supreme Intelligence triggers a civil war among the Kree, leaving Hala sterile. Dar-Benn, Kree leader, seeks to use the Quantum Bracelets to restore the planet. Kamala Khan and Dar-Benn each have a Bracelet. An anomaly is detected, prompting Carol Danvers, Monica Rambeau and Kamala to telepathically switch places. Linked by a quantum entanglement, they face challenges and discover that Dar-Benn seeks to drain atmospheres from other planets to restore Hala. Together, they form "The Marvels". Dar-Benn tries to steal Earth's sun, being defeated but opening a hole in space. Kamala retrieves the Bracelets, Danvers and Monica close the hole, leaving Monica trapped in another reality. Danvers restores Hala's sun. Kamala, inspired, forms a new group of heroes. Monica wakes up in an alternate universe, greeted by alternate versions of her mother and the mutant Dr. Hank McCoy/Beast.
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After losing the trophy to Santos in 1963, Boca Juniors finally got their chance at victory in the 1970s. They won the Copa Libertadores title in 1977, defeating Cruzeiro after a penalty shootout. In 1978, Boca beat Deportivo Cali 4-0 in the second leg of the final. However, in 1979, "Tri's" dream was interrupted by Olimpia from Paraguay, who beat Boca in the final and won the title at La Bombonera Stadium.
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Since 2010, Brazilian clubs have enjoyed a period of dominance in the Copa Libertadores, with Internacional winning the title in 2010, followed by Santos in 2011, Corinthians in 2012 and Atlético Mineiro in 2013. In 2014, Argentina's San Lorenzo broke that streak by winning the title. River Plate, another Argentine team, won in 2015, followed by Colombia's Atlético Nacional in 2016. Grêmio brought the title back to Brazil in 2017, and River Plate won it again in 2018. In 2019, Flamengo won the River Plate in the final in a single game, after 38 years without winning the title. This period shows a diversity of champions and growing competition between South American clubs.
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Daniel Onega, an Argentine player, holds the record for most goals scored in a single edition of the Copa Libertadores.
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During the CONMEBOL Copa América Group Stage draw, held in Miami, the PUMA Cumbre was presented, the new PUMA ball that will replace the current NIKE ball and will become the official ball of the competition. The name "PUMA Cumbre" is inspired by the mountain range that crosses America, seeking to symbolize the excellence of football in the region. Its design is based on the shape of the continent, and its 16 lines represent the total number of countries participating in the CONMEBOL Copa América 2024. Thus, the ball seeks to unite all the nations that will compete in this historic national team tournament.
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October 9th is European Rock Art Day. This date was established to raise awareness of the importance of rock art in European culture and history. Rock art refers to paintings and engravings made on rocks, dating back to prehistoric times. These works offer a valuable insight into ancient societies, their ways of life, beliefs and interactions with the environment. Rock art is considered a significant cultural heritage, not only for its aesthetic value, but also for its ability to tell the story of humanity. On this day, various organizations, museums and cultural institutions organize events, guided tours and educational activities to highlight the relevance of rock art.
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Roasted sardines are a traditional dish in Portugal, especially during the festivals of popular saints. Originally from Sardinia, these sardines were essential for feeding rural families. Normally, they are seasoned with coarse salt, placing them on a double grill over the coals, without flame, roasting over low heat, normally accompanied by roasted peppers and boiled potatoes. They should be enjoyed by placing them on top of a thick slice of bread, allowing the bread to absorb the flavor and natural fat of the sardines.
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Country music had its origins in pioneering recordings made by Cornélio Pires in 1929, compiling stories and traditional rural songs from Brazil. Initially known as country music, it stood out for its lyrics that portrayed country life. Artists such as Tonico and Tinoco, Tião Carreiro & Pardinho and Belmonte & Amaraí contributed to its evolution, incorporating new styles and instruments. After the Second World War, country music went through a new phase, becoming more romantic. Events such as the Festa do Peão de Barretos, from 1956 onwards, helped to further popularize the genre.
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The medley swim is a swimming event in which swimmers perform four different strokes in a single event, following the order: butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and front crawl. Common distances are 200 or 400 meters. Swimmers must be proficient in all strokes and transition quickly between them. This discipline is popular in swimming competitions at all levels, offering an exciting variety of swimming styles.
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pexels: M. Nilov Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that has the ideal conditions for life as we know it. Some of the factors that make this possible include: the perfect distance from the Sun, the influence of the Moon and the giant planets, the presence of a magnetic field, the dynamism of the geosphere, the abundance of water, the diversity of natural environments and a protective atmosphere.Distance from the Sun: Earth orbits within the habitable zone of the Solar System, at a distance that allows the presence of liquid water on its surface.
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In the 70s, we witnessed the rise of samba schools, transforming a popular festival into a true "street opera" - a reality that even the most traditionalist samba artists can no longer ignore. The initial resistance of figures such as Candeia, Nei Lopes and Wilson Moreira, who founded the Quilombo group in a fight to preserve traditions, eventually gave way. With this, the samba-enredo adapts to the new times. In this scenario, veterans like Nelson Cavaquinho and Cartola finally arrive on the music scene, while the post-bossa nova generation - represented by Chico Buarque, Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil - survives the festivals to create definitive works, including sambas.
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pexels: K. Kaboompi Dictionary Day is celebrated on October 30th , a day dedicated to celebrating the importance of dictionaries in language, education and communication. This date was chosen in honor of the birth of lexicographer Noah Webster in 1758, who is known for compiling the first dictionary of American English. The celebration aims to recognize the fundamental role that these compendiums play in enriching vocabulary, understanding the language and preserving culture. Dictionaries not only define words, but also provide information on pronunciation, etymology and correct use of language. On this day, schools, libraries and educational institutions usually promote activities, lectures and debates on the importance of language and reading.
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The rope apparatus in rhythmic gymnastics is one of the five pieces of equipment used by gymnasts. Made of hemp or synthetic materials, the rope is proportional to the gymnast's height and is used to perform movements such as throws, spins and balances. The judges evaluate the gymnast's precision and grace during the execution of the movements. Creativity and skill are essential to create captivating and impressive routines.
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World Brain Day is celebrated on July 22nd . This date was created by the World Federation of Neurology (WFN) to raise awareness of the importance of the brain in human health and well-being. The goal is to promote education about the brain, encourage research and innovation in the field of neuroscience, and highlight the importance of preventing and treating brain disorders. During World Brain Day, events are organized around the world, such as lectures, workshops, awareness campaigns and educational activities for people of all ages. The main focus is to promote brain health and provide information on how to keep the brain healthy throughout life.
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International Mathematics Day is celebrated on March 14 , known as Pi Day due to the numerical representation of the date (3/14), which corresponds to the first digits of the number pi. As of 2020, by decision of UNESCO, the day began to be officially recognized to celebrate the importance of mathematics around the world. Each year has a specific theme, and celebrations include a variety of educational events and activities to promote interest and understanding of mathematics.
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Local legend says that D. Garcia, the mayor of Penha Garcia Castle, had courted D. Branca, daughter of the governor of Monsanto. On a stormy night, D. Garcia kidnapped her from her father's house. The governor ordered his soldiers to look for D. Garcia and bring justice. After months of pursuit, D. Garcia was finally captured on the slopes of the mountain. Despite the death penalty common at the time for such crimes, the governor, responding to his daughter's pleas, spared D. Garcia's life, but ordered the amputation of his left arm as punishment. Legend has it that the ghost of D. Garcia, the severed one, is seen on stormy nights, watching over Monsanto hill from the towers of Penha Garcia.
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National Pau-Brazil Day, celebrated annually on May 3 , pays tribute to the tree that lends its name to the country. Recognized for its historical and economic importance, Pau-Brasil was one of the first natural resources explored by Portuguese colonizers after their arrival in Brazil in 1500, due to its high quality wood, used in the production of dyes for fabrics. Highlighting the need for preservation, awareness and protection of this species, which was almost extinct due to intense exploitation. Pau-Brasil has been protected by law since 1978, and its illegal exploitation is prohibited.
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The Copa Libertadores da América is the main football tournament between clubs in South America, organized by CONMEBOL since 1960. It is highly prestigious and honors leaders of South American independence. Such as José Artigas, Simón Bolívar, José de San Martín, José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva, D. Pedro I of Brazil, Antonio José de Sucre and Bernardo O'Higgins.
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It is a remaster of the classic real-time strategy game released in 2002. It features modernized graphics and animations, a symphonic soundtrack, gameplay improvements, and new content, such as expansion packs. The game allows players to command mythological civilizations (Greek, Egyptian, Norse and Atlantean) using divine powers and legendary creatures. In addition to the classic "Fall of the Trident" campaign, the game includes multiplayer and Xbox Game Pass support. It was released on September 4, 2024 for Windows and Xbox
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pixabay November 18th is European Antibiotic Day. This date was established by the European Commission in 2008 with the aim of raising awareness about antibiotic resistance and promoting the responsible use of these medicines. Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health problem, which occurs when bacteria become resistant to medicines that were previously effective in fighting them. This can lead to infections that are more difficult to treat, increasing the risk of complications, hospitalizations and mortality. The day encourages education on the proper use of antibiotics, the importance of completing prescribed courses and the need to avoid overuse or inappropriate use of these medicines. In addition, it promotes awareness-raising actions for health professionals, patients and the general public, highlighting the importance of preventing infections through proper hygiene practices and vaccination.
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In the 90s, Lapa emerged as one of the most vibrant samba strongholds in Rio de Janeiro in the early days of the 21st century. Its revitalization, transforming the old and semi-abandoned "neighborhood of sin" into an urbanized area, bright and full of bars and restaurants with live music, presents the city with a treasure. Young singers and composers, mostly from the middle class, were already involved in a fascinating research into ancient samba, gradually occupying the spaces between the neighborhood's tables. Veterans, or almost so, share the stage alongside the younger ones. Furthermore, these young people renew and create new sambas. In this context, names like Teresa Cristina, Moyseis Marques and the Casuarina group emerge as representatives of the new sound of Lapa. At the same time, pagode groups remain active, releasing albums and performing shows.
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In the 1990s, the Copa Libertadores witnessed the resurgence of some South American clubs. Olimpia, led by Luis Cubilla, regained their glory by winning the tournament in 1990 and reaching the final again in 1991, although they were defeated by Colo-Colo of Chile.
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In the 2000 Copa Libertadores, Boca Juniors, led by Carlos Bianchi, won the title after 22 years, defeating Palmeiras. The following year, Boca won the title again by defeating Cruz Azul in the final. However, their quest for the tri was frustrated by Olimpia in the quarter-finals.
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In the Aztec horoscope, individuals under the House sign stand out for their cunning, firmness and balance, being loyal and efficient at work. They see love as an adventure that deserves to be lived with risks. They are pessimistic and seek new things when relationships become stable. Attracted to games of chance, they can risk a lot, including their home and family. They are communicative and constantly need emotional support. The birth calendar covers dates such as January: 5, 17, 29; February: 3, 15, 27; March: 11, 23; April: 4, 6, 28; May: 10, 22; June: 3, 15, 27; July: 9, 21; August: 2, 14, 26; September: 7, 19; October: 1, 13, 25; November: 6, 18, 30; December: 12, 24.
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In the 2000s, the samba artists who stood out at Cacique de Ramos, such as Arlindo Cruz, Jorge Aragão and, especially, Zeca Pagodinho, consolidated their careers, maintaining a more notable presence than artists from previous generations. Martinho da Vila, despite recording more and traveling a lot, remains active. However, this does not mean that the pagoda, which boosted these three talented artists, will have a decade without competitors. In the musical scene, the romantic pagode appears, a subgenre that incorporates pop elements, such as guitar, bass and electronic keyboard, presenting lyrics that address love in a simple and direct way. Notable representatives include Raça Negra and other groups with similar shows and costumes. The São Paulo pagoda also stands out. Meanwhile, Cacique de Ramos' group gets moving and, to avoid confusion, abandons the label "pagode" in favor of terms like "samba de festa alto"
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Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars, which are closest to the Sun, are the inner planets. Because they are made up of rocks and metals, they are also called rocky, terrestrial or telluric planets.
Characteristics:
• They are small, rocky, with a small mass and a high surface temperature;
• They describe short orbits;
• It has small translation periods, with the duration of the years also being small;
• They have high orbital speed;
• They have large rotation periods that correspond to long days;
• They have few or no moons and no rings.
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Easter Island, also known as Rapa Nui, is located in the south Pacific Ocean, 3,700 km off the west coast of Chile. Famous for its stone statues, the moais, it is part of the Valparaíso Region and its official languages are Spanish and Rapanui. Colonized by Polynesians, its occupation dates back to around 900 AD. The island was discovered by Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen in 1722. During European colonization in 1888, it was annexed by Chile, becoming a sheep farm. The natives were enslaved, but only in 1966 were they recognized as Chilean citizens. Easter Island, triangular in shape and volcanic, has challenging topography and a climate that limits sources of food and drinking water. Currently, tourism drives the island's economy.
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Modern country dance has its roots in traditional dances from the Brazilian interior, influenced by different cultures. Originating in the Greater São Paulo region and in the interior of the state, this form of dance is known as university sertanejo. It falls into the category of ballroom dancing in pairs, combining elements from other styles such as forró and samba-rock. In the south, vanerão stands out, while in the Central-West region "bailões" are common, characterized by lively music and simple steps.
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It is the sequel to the survival and strategy game Frostpunk, set 30 years after the original. The player leads a post-apocalyptic society facing an eternal winter, now focused on oil exploration as an energy source. Gameplay involves city building, resource management, and complex moral decisions that affect the future of the community. With improved graphics and new climatic and social challenges, the game promises to deepen the ethical and strategic dilemmas of the original.
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In the 1930s, a period known as the Golden Age of popular song, samba consolidated itself as Brazil's national music. While it is adopted by white middle-class composers, it also gives deserved recognition to the black people who gave rise to this musical genre. Meaningful interracial partnerships emerge. Getúlio Vargas' decree, allowing radio stations to broadcast advertisements during their programs, marks the beginning of fees and drives the professionalization of the musical class. The innovation of electrical recording opens space for singers with softer voices, such as Mário Reis and Carmen Miranda, to enter the phonographic universe, moving samba away from operatic excesses. Quickly, Reis, Carmen and others became radio idols. The official parade of the samba schools is established, and samba shares the preference of Rio revelers with the march.
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The marafona, also called matrafona in Alentejo, is a rag doll dressed in colorful regional costumes. These dolls play a significant role in local celebrations, such as the Festa das Cruzes in Monsanto, where single women dance with the marafonas. After the party, the dolls are placed on the beds to protect the house from storms and the evil eye. At weddings, they are kept under the bed to bring fertility and happiness to the couple. Marafonas are also an important part of the Caretos de Podence festival, in which a marafona is a masked woman. There is a legend that these dolls were used to trick the Moors during a siege at Monsanto. They also parade at the Torres Vedras Carnival.
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The pommel horse is a men's artistic gymnastics device composed of a narrow body mounted horizontally on a base, with two overlapping handles. Gymnasts perform a series of movements on it, such as circles, scissors and spins, requiring arm strength and leg work. Considered the most difficult among men's devices, it requires balance and posture. To obtain a good grade, it is necessary to execute the movements with precision and avoid deviations from the device during the routine.
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Greece is located on the Balkan Peninsula and is washed by the Mediterranean Sea. Its civilization emerged from the 8th century BC, having its roots in mainland Greece, the islands of the Aegean Sea and the coasts of Asia Minor. It later expanded to the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, establishing colonies that contributed to economic and cultural links.
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In artistic gymnastics, movements are divided into two categories: longitudinal, such as pirouettes, and transversal, such as somersaults. These movements require intense practice to execute perfectly. Some of the best-known movements include opening, plane, carpada, dos Santos, flic-flac, handstand, screw, wheel, round, Rudi, pak jump, saddle, Stützkehre and Tkachev. Each movement demands skill, strength and balance from the athlete.
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In 1980, Nacional won its second Copa Libertadores by beating Internacional in Brazil. The following year, in 1981, Flamengo of Brazil triumphed with a stellar team led by Zico, Júnior, Leandro, Adílio, Nunes, Tita and Carpegiani, defeating Cobreloa of Chile in the final.
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Valmiki Jayanti is a Hindu celebration dedicated to Valmiki, the author of the epic Ramayana and considered the first poet in Sanskrit literature. Celebrated on the Purnima (full moon) day of the month of Kartik, usually between October and November, the day honors his literary and spiritual contributions. Festivities include recitations of the Ramayana, prayers and worship in temples, as well as kirtans and lectures on Valmiki's teachings. The day also serves as an opportunity to reflect on the epic's values, such as virtue and duty, promoting the importance of literature and culture in the Hindu tradition.
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The art of pyrotechnics, dating back millennia, had its origins in ancient China, where natives threw pieces of green bamboo into bonfires during festivities to scare away evil spirits with loud sounds. Later, Chinese alchemists created gunpowder by mixing saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal, initially looking for an elixir of eternal life, but ended up using it in fireworks. This practice spread across Europe and the United States, becoming an integral part of celebrations. Originally orange, the fireworks acquired vibrant colors after the addition of metals by Italian inventors in 1830. The colors of the fireworks are determined by the compounds used, such as barium chloride for green, magnesium for silver, lithium for red and sodium for yellow.
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Modern astrology is based on the interpretation of the Natal Chart, associating astrological meanings with the context of the analyzed situation. Predictive analysis uses techniques such as Transits, Progressions, Arc Directions and Solar Return. Despite almost disappearing in the 20th century, Horary Astrology has recently re-emerged with renewed interest in traditional techniques. Classic zodiac signs are associated with specific parts of the body. In addition to Western astrology, other forms are practiced globally, with traditions in China since 2000 BC, in India since around 1500 BC, and in the Aztecs with 20 signs. 19th century English astrology was influenced by theosophy, and today, there is a resurgence of "classical astrology", including translations of ancient works, as well as psychological and transpersonal approaches.
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The preliminary stages of the 2024 Copa Libertadores da América were held between February 6 and March 14, 2024. A total of 19 teams competed in the qualifying stages to determine four of the 32 group stage spots.
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The Beatles were one of the most famous and influential bands in music history. The group was formed in Liverpool, England, in 1960, and consisted of four main members: John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. The Beatles released a series of breakthrough albums and hit singles during their career. Their early albums, such as "Please Please Me" (1963) and "A Hard Day's Night" (1964), captivated audiences with their upbeat, energetic sound. Throughout their career, The Beatles released a number of iconic songs that became pop culture anthems, including "Hey Jude", "Let It Be", "Yesterday", "Come Together" and "A Hard Day's Night". among many others. Sadly, The Beatles broke up in 1970, each member going their own individual musical paths. However, its impact continues to this day.
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Rotation of the Planets:
As they move around the Sun, the planets rotate on themselves around an axis: they have a rotational movement.
The time it takes for a planet to complete a complete rotation around its axis is called its rotation period. The Earth's rotation period corresponds to one day on Earth.
The rotation period is different from planet to planet and it is not possible to establish a relationship between the distance of the planets from the Sun and their rotation period.
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At the end of the 15th century, about 1 kilometer above the current church of Nossa Senhora do Monte, a girl played with a shepherdess, who offered her food. The shepherd girl's story was not believed, so her father spied the scene and saw an image of the Holy Mary in the girl's company. The local authority placed the image in the Capela da Incarnação, close to the church of Nossa Senhora do Monte, giving the image that name. Another version of the legend tells of a stream of water that was diverted by a wealthy man, depriving the community of access to water. In desperation, the people made a procession to Senhora do Monte, and the water began to flow again, benefiting everyone. This event became known as the miracle of Senhora do Monte in Madeiran popular memory.
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Saint Elizabeth of Portugal 's Day is celebrated on July 4th . Saint Elizabeth, also known as Elizabeth of Aragon, was a queen known for her charity and generosity towards those less fortunate. She was born in 1271 and died in 1336. Saint Elizabeth is remembered for her charitable works, including creating hospitals and distributing food to the poor. She is also known for her deep commitment to the Christian faith and her prayer life. Her devotion to helping those in need made her a revered and respected figure in Portugal and beyond.
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The butterfly stroke is an advanced swimming technique, characterized by synchronized movements of arms and legs that create an undulating appearance in the water. It is challenging due to its physical intensity and complex technique. Used in short distance competitions, such as the 100 and 200 meter butterfly, it is practiced by competitive swimmers and is taught in advanced swimming classes.
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The athletics relay is a speed test contested by teams, where runners pass a baton over a pre-determined distance, passing a baton from hand to hand. The most common distances are 4x100 meters and 4x400 meters, each team member runs 100 meters before passing the baton to the next runner. In the 4x400 meter relay, each runner covers 400 meters before passing the baton. Success depends on the synchronization of baton passes, the speed of the runners and a good running strategy.
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Elemental is Pixar's latest animation directed by Peter Sohn. The film follows the story of Faísca and Gota, residents of the city Elemento with opposing elements. After an incident, they must learn to deal with their differences to save Físca's family store. Leah Lewis and Mamoudou Athie are the original voice actors.
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Element City, the main setting of Elemental, is modeled after New York, with immigrant neighborhoods made of organic materials associated with each element. For example, Fire Town is built with ceramics, metal and brick. Designer Don Shank highlights the interaction between design and technology in creating the characters Ember and Wade. Personifying elements like fire and water was challenging, especially for Wade, a transparent character. Inspired by cities like Venice and Amsterdam, set designers sought intricate details for the city. Due to the pandemic, the team used online tour videos for inspiration since they were unable to travel to these cities during production.
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In the 1970s, rock reached its peak as a global style, but pop music emerged as a competitor. Rock underwent transformations, generating striking styles such as glam rock, characterized by basic sound and flashy clothes. Punk rock, with its aggressive attitude, also stood out, as did metal rock, which abandoned its blues roots. Bands like Led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath emerged, consolidating hard rock and heavy metal. Arena rock thrived with Queen, Kiss and others. In Brazil, Raul Seixas, Novos Baianos and Secos e Molhados gained prominence. Names like Eric Clapton and David Bowie contributed to the music scene. Punk rock emerged at the end of the decade, led by Ramones, The Clash and Sex Pistols. The period witnessed the diversification and consolidation of rock into several aspects.
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The arch apparatus in rhythmic gymnastics is one of the five pieces of equipment used by gymnasts. Made from wood or plastic, the bow is between 80 and 90 cm in internal diameter and is used to create graceful, fluid movements. During the routine, the gymnast uses the hoop to perform rolls, passes, rotations and jumps. The judges evaluate the gymnast's precision, coordination and elegance during the execution of the hoop movements. Creativity and skill are key to creating a captivating and impressive presentation.
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In the 40s, samba-exaltação, full of patriotism and national exaltation, accompanied for some time the success of Aquarela do Brasil by Ary Barroso, released in 1939 and internationally acclaimed. However, it is carnival samba that is at its peak during the Second World War and in subsequent years. This rise is largely attributed to lively dances and street blocks, which sing the hits of the year instead of original compositions. Although samba schools are gradually growing, it is carnival music, previously performed on Sundays in October during the Penha festival, that gains prominence on the microphones of Rádio Nacional. In this scenario, every singer, regardless of their fame, is forced to record at least one album for Carnival, with marches on one side and sambas on the other.
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October 12 , Columbus Day, commemorates the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas on October 12, 1492, an important event in European colonization. Although the actual date is October 12, in the United States the holiday is celebrated on the second Monday in October, and has been a federal holiday since 1971. In New York City, the traditional parade has been held since 1929, with over 35,000 participants and over 1 million spectators, including floats and contingents. The holiday is also celebrated in countries such as Spain and Italy, honoring the Italian heritage. Officially established in 1937, Columbus Day is controversial due to the impact of colonization on indigenous populations. Some cities have replaced the date with Indigenous Peoples' Day. In Spanish-speaking countries, it is known as Hispanidad Day.
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Astrology, despite having ancient connections with astronomy, is now considered a pseudoscience, as it lacks scientific foundation. The lack of statistical evidence for the causal relationship between horoscopes and events in human life leads to the view of the birth chart as a tool based on mystical beliefs, linking more to the individual perspective than to actual events. The practice of astrology also involves misinterpretations of scientific terms, which can promote ignorance and turn the public away from science. Furthermore, concepts such as the zodiac and vibration have no scientific support, and the physical or gravitational influence of distant celestial bodies is practically negligible. Thus, astrological claims cannot be explained scientifically.
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The asymmetrical bars, exclusive to women in artistic gymnastics, allow for a variety of acrobatic and static movements. Created in the 19th century, they were only introduced into international competitions in 1934 and at the 1936 Olympics. They are made of synthetic fibers and have specific measurements for competitions. Gymnastics on these bars is challenging and requires courage, with movements focused on the waist and torso. To get a good score, gymnasts must include bar changes, starts and restarts, as well as specific elements, in their routines. Discounts are applied for errors such as touching the bars, falls or lack of body alignment. Some movements include octave climbs, spins and kippe.
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In the 1990s, grunge, led by Seattle bands like Nirvana, Pearl Jam and Alice in Chains, predominated, marginalizing heavy metal and hard rock. British Britpop brought success to bands like Oasis and Blur. Red Hot Chili Peppers, originating in the 80s, continued to be an influential rock band in the 90s. Other styles, such as funk metal with Faith No More and new metal with Korn and Slipknot, also stood out. Funk pop was represented by The Offspring and Green Day, while Marylin Manson found success.
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Pagode and samba, although they share roots, have marked differences. Samba has a slower rhythm and focuses on social themes, using string instruments. In contrast, pagode is more fast-paced, with everyday lyrics, and may include wind instruments. Both are enjoyed in Brazil, with samba being a deep-rooted cultural expression, while pagode evolved as a contemporary variant of samba, gaining recent popularity. Recognizing this musical diversity is fundamental to appreciating the richness of Brazilian music.
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An artistic gymnastics championship consists of four distinct competitions: Qualifying, General Individual Final, Individual Event Final and Team Final. In the Qualifiers, gymnasts seek to qualify for the subsequent finals and determine the positions of the teams and gymnasts. In the Individual General Final, the 24 best gymnasts participate in new series in each event, with the winner determined by the total number of points. In the Final by Event, the eight best-ranked gymnasts in each event perform new series, with the final classification based on the scores obtained in this specific competition. In the Team Final, the eight best teams compete and the scores obtained contribute to the team's final ranking.
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A pivotal moment in the tournament's early history was the debut of Estudiantes, a modest Argentine club known as the Pincharratas. They adopted an unusual playing style, focused on physical preparation and the search for victories at all costs. Under the leadership of coach Osvaldo Zubeldía and with players such as Carlos Bilardo, Oscar Malbernat and Juan Ramón Verón, Estudiantes became the first team to win three consecutive titles in the competition, defeating Palmeiras in 1968 and later successfully defending the title in 1969 and 1970.
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The 2024 Copa Libertadores for men's football has had its participants defined.
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Hypnotic is a film directed by Robert Rodriguez that follows detective Danny Rourke, played by Affleck, in his search for his missing daughter. Involved in reality-distorting bank robberies, Rourke questions his basic assumptions about life. In a criminal conspiracy that challenges his sanity, he seeks help from Diana Cruz, a woman with psychic powers, to find the man (William Fichtner) who may have answers about his daughter's whereabouts.
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Saint Mafalda 's Day, celebrated on May 2 , honors the life and virtues of the Portuguese infanta, known for her beauty and grace. She became queen of Castile at the age of 12, after marrying King Henry I, but the marriage was dissolved within just a year. Instead of seeking his inheritance after his father's death, he chose to distribute his assets among the poor and monasteries, dedicating himself to religious life and serving those in need. After her death on May 1, 1256, she was canonized by the Catholic Church in 1973. Her incorrupt body, discovered during exhumation for transfer, became the object of great religious devotion. The day is an opportunity for the Portuguese to reflect on their values and contributions to society.
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While funk faced challenges on radio due to the popularity of hip-hop, contemporary R&B, and new jack swing, its influence persisted globally. In the 1990s, acid jazz artists emerged, such as Brand New Heavies and Jamiroquai, who incorporated elements of funk. Jamiroquai has had notable commercial success. The nu-funk scene, since the mid-1990s, has focused on "deep funk" collectors, producing material inspired by funk rarities. Labels such as Desco and Daptone lead this scene, which has had some transition into the mainstream music industry, exemplified by Sharon Jones' appearance on Late Night with Conan O'Brien in 2005.
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pexels: J. Carfagna Valencian Community Day is celebrated annually on October 9. This date is a regional festival that commemorates the entry of Jaume I, King of Aragon, into the city of Valencia in 1238, symbolizing the conquest of the city and the beginning of the process of repopulation and reconquest of the region. The festivities include parades, cultural events, sporting activities and concerts, reflecting the rich heritage and culture of the Valencian Community. One of the highlights of the celebrations is the traditional "ofrenda de flores" (flower offering) to the Virgin of the Forsaken, the city's patron saint, where residents bring flowers to create a large flower mantle in her image.
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Breaststroke, also called breaststroke, is a swimming technique where swimmers perform synchronized movements of their legs and arms. It involves a frog-like leg kick and arm movements that push water backwards. Although challenging in terms of technique, it is popular among beginner swimmers. Used in short distance competitions such as 100 and 200 meter breaststroke, it is also practiced recreationally and as part of aquatic exercise programs due to its fitness benefits.
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Each person has a complete astrological chart, not just a zodiac sign. While many respond with their Sun sign when asked about their sign, this only represents the position of the Sun at the time of birth. The chart includes other elements, such as the "ascendant" or "rising sign" that was appearing on the horizon at that moment, influencing how you are perceived by others. The moon also plays a significant role, revealing information about your emotional life, relationship with your mother, and how you deal with feelings. Each planet and even asteroids contribute to creating a more complete and accurate portrait of the astrological influence in your life.
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The first legend of the Lady with the Crow's Feet originates from Beira Alta, in the village of Marialva. She lived in a small castle and attracted many suitors due to her beauty. However, she challenged suitors to bring shoes that fit their feet as a condition of marrying her. A knight, with the help of a handmaid, created shoes molded to the shape of her feet, using flour on the ground to obtain the mold. When he handed over the shoes, she, horrified to learn that her secret was known, threw herself from the castle tower and mysteriously disappeared. This gave rise to the name of the village of Marialva.
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Duck rice is a dish of Portuguese origin that is believed to have been created at the Braga seminary. This city was founded by the Romans around 16 BC. A city renowned for its culinary skill. The traditional recipe was made with wild ducks. There are those who say that it emerged as an alternative to reusing useless food. It became famous because duck meat is known for its soft texture and strong flavor. The dish is rich in proteins and nutrients that are beneficial for the skin and healing. Duck meat can be high in calories due to its skin, but when removed it becomes a light option. Additionally, duck rice provides an amino acid called glycine, which is essential for bone health and brain function.
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Boogie Oogie is a Brazilian soap opera that aired from August 2014 to March 2015. The plot centers on the exchange of two babies, Sandra and Vitória, born in 1956, whose destinies intertwine again 22 years later, in 1978. The story explores the differences in the lives of the two protagonists, raised in different environments, and highlights a plot of love and intrigue.
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Serra da Estrela PDO Cheese is the oldest cheese in Portugal, originating in the Serra da Estrela region. This cheese is made with raw milk from sheep of the Bordaleira da Serra da Estrela or Churra Mondegueira breeds. It is known for its creamy texture and buttery spread. There are two varieties: one with a semi-soft texture and yellowish white color (Queijo Serra da Estrela) and the other with a semi-hard to extra-hard texture and a brownish-orange color (Queijo Serra da Estrela Velho). Its history dates back to Roman times and was mentioned in the works of poet Gil Vicente in the Middle Ages. In 1287, King Dom Diniz established the first cheese factory in Celorico da Beira, in the Serra da Estrela region, becoming a nutritious and lasting food source for explorers. In 1885, the cheese arrived in Lisbon and Porto, increasing its popularity.
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In the 50s, the effects of the import of records and the influence of cinema began to manifest themselves in samba from the second half of the 1940s, notably in 1946, when Dick Farney recorded Copacabana. Romantic samba-canção, more melodic and with lyrics generally dedicated to lost or unrequited loves, began to predominate throughout the 1950s. Although traditional samba resisted, it was relegated mainly to carnival, quickly being eclipsed by samba-canção . The latter enters into direct competition with the bolero and the fox in the various dances that proliferate in clubs, dance halls and homes. Figures such as beach singer Dorival Caymmi and waltz composer José Maria de Abreu adhere to this trend, while critics raise objections to the direction taken by samba-canção. Some consider it overly Americanized, especially due to the elaborate orchestral arrangements.
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Jumping events in athletics are divided into vertical and horizontal. Vertical jumps include the high jump and pole vault, while horizontal jumps are the long jump and triple jump. In vertical jumps, athletes try to overcome a horizontal bar (bar) in the high jump, and in pole vault, they use a pole to help with momentum. After each jump, there is a mattress to cushion the athlete's fall. In horizontal jumps, such as the long jump and triple jump, athletes land in a sandbox. They run to a mark on the track before jumping, and passing or touching that mark results in a null attempt. Jumps are performed by both men and women, and competitors have several attempts to reach the greatest distance or height possible. Winners are determined by the best performance in their respective tests.
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PAW Patrol: The Mighty Movie is a Canadian digitally animated adventure comedy based on the television series PAW Patrol. Produced by Spin Master Entertainment and animated by Mikros Image, the film was directed by Cal Brunker and released in August 2023 by Paramount Pictures in the United States. The plot involves a magical meteor that grants superpowers to the canine protagonists of Paw Patrol. When archenemy Humdinger escapes from prison and teams up with a mad scientist to steal these powers, Skye, the smallest of the team, must stop them and discover her own strength. The voice cast includes Marsai Martin, Kim Kardashian, Finn Lee-Epp, Christian Corrao, Callum Shoniker, Luxton Handspiker, Ron Pardo, Taraji P. Henson and other notable personalities.
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Pi Approximation Day, also known as Pi Approximation Day or Approximate Pi Day, is celebrated on July 22 . This date is a reference to the approximate value of Pi (π), which is often rounded to 3.14. Pi is a mathematical constant that represents the relationship between the circumference of a circle and its diameter. The value of Pi is an infinite, non-repeating sequence of decimal digits, and its approximation to 3.14 is often used in calculations and mathematical problems. Pi Approximation Day is an opportunity to celebrate the importance of this mathematical constant and its application in various areas of science and engineering.
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pexels: A. Bergfeld November 23rd Fibonacci Day. The date was chosen because, when referring to the Fibonacci sequence, which is a numerical series in which each number is the sum of the two previous ones (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, etc.), the sequence can be represented by the pair of numbers (1, 1) on November 23rd, if we consider the numbers 23 and 11. The origin of the celebration goes back to the Italian mathematician Leonardo de Pisa, known as Fibonacci, who lived in the 13th century. He is famous for having introduced the Fibonacci sequence to the Western world through his book Liber Abaci, published in 1202. The sequence not only appears in various areas of mathematics, but also manifests itself in natural patterns, such as the arrangement of leaves on a plant, the reproduction of rabbits and the structures of flowers.
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Heat is a form of energy that is transferred from one body to another when there is a difference in temperature between them, resulting in thermal equilibrium. The standard unit of measurement for heat is the Joule (J), although it is common to use calories (cal) for measurement. Heat and temperature are distinct concepts, with the first being energy and the second a measure of the agitation of particles in a body. Throughout history, the concept of heat has been debated by philosophers and scientists, from Aristotle to Lavoisier and Lord Kelvin, who established that heat is a form of energy. Heat can be transferred by conduction, convection and radiation, the latter being a propagation of electromagnetic waves that does not require a physical medium to occur, following the Steffan-Boltzmann Law, where the amount of heat emitted is proportional to the fourth power of the temperature of the body (Q α T^4).
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