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Diversity

National Pretzel Day in the United States is celebrated on April 26th. It's a tribute to these twisted snacks that are a hit. Although the origin of the date is not very clear, it is an opportunity for people to get together and enjoy the different types of pretzels, from the classic to the more creative, such as those filled with chocolate and those covered in chocolate. This celebration highlights the cultural importance of pretzels in American society and around the world. It is a celebration of the diversity of flavors and textures of this savory snack that has conquered many palates over the years.

Goalkeeper's Day is celebrated on April 26th in honor of Aílton Corrêa Arruda, better known as the "Manga goalkeeper", renowned as one of the best goalkeepers in history! Manga was born on April 26, 1937 and played for teams like Sport do Recife (where it all started, actually), Botafogo, Porto Alegre, Coritiba, Grêmio, among others. With so much talent, of course he couldn't help but defend the Brazilian team, in friendlies and World Cups.
The idea of creating National Goalkeeper Day came in 1975, from an initiative by Professors at the School of Education Physics of the Army of Rio de Janeiro, Raul Carlesso and captain Reginaldo Pontes Bielinski. Carlesso was the Brazilian national team's physical trainer during the 1974 World Cup and was the pioneer in developing a special preparation for goalkeepers in Brazil.

International Dance Day, celebrated on April 29 , is a tribute to the art of dance, established by UNESCO in 1982. This date coincides with the birthday of Jean-Georges Noverre, a dance master there in France in the 18th and 19th centuries , he was a dancer and ballet teacher, and wrote a super important book about dance called “As Cartas Sobre a Dança”. In Brazil, the date is also a tribute to Marika Gidali, a dancer co-founder of Ballet Stagium in São Paulo, who was also born on April 29th..
The date is a way of recognizing the cultural and educational importance of dance around the world.

National Frappé Day is celebrated annually on October 7th , celebrating this refreshing iced beverage, especially popular in Greece. Frappés are made with instant coffee, water, sugar and ice, resulting in a frothy texture. The day is an opportunity to enjoy the flavor of frappés and promote coffee culture, with many cafes offering special events, discounts and exclusive recipes. It is a time for coffee lovers to come together, especially on hot days. The modern frappé originated in 1957 in Greece, when a Nestlé employee mixed instant coffee with cold water and ice during the Thessaloniki International Fair. Since then, it has become an icon, varying from region to region, but always maintaining its refreshing essence.

October 10th is World Homeless Day. This day was created to raise awareness about the plight of people living on the streets. The day aims to raise awareness about the difficulties faced by the homeless and to promote actions and policies that help combat poverty and social exclusion. The main reasons for this include: Lack of affordable housing; Economic problems, such as unemployment; Mental health issues and drug addiction. On this day, several initiatives are carried out, such as: Awareness campaigns by NGOs and community groups; Distribution of food, clothing and hygiene products; Forums and panels to discuss solutions and policies.

October 11th is the Day of the Girl Child. Established by the UN General Assembly in 2011 to recognize the rights of girls and promote their empowerment. The goal is to raise awareness about gender inequalities, education and health, and to encourage girls to actively participate in decisions that affect them. Celebrations include educational events, awareness campaigns and empowerment initiatives. The first International Day of the Girl Child was held in 2012 and each year a specific theme is chosen, such as "End Child Marriage". Monuments are lit up in pink and various activities are held in several countries, including Brazil.

October 12th is Rheumatic Diseases Day, which aims to raise awareness about diseases that affect joints, muscles and connective tissues. The date aims to: Provide information about diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus; Promote understanding of symptoms and the importance of early diagnosis; and Encourage the exchange of experiences among patients and the improvement of quality of life. Health organizations hold events and educational campaigns, highlighting the need for adequate treatment and more research. With more than 100 rheumatic diseases, awareness is essential to prevent risky behaviors. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent worsening and ensure a better quality of life for patients.

October 29th is World Stroke Day. This date was created by the World Stroke Organization with the aim of raising awareness about the prevention, treatment and recovery from stroke. Stroke, also known as a stroke, occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted or when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures, leading to the death of brain cells. This can result in serious physical and cognitive impairment, and is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. The main goals of this day are to educate about risk factors (such as high blood pressure and a sedentary lifestyle), raise awareness of warning signs (such as weakness and difficulty speaking) and promote the importance of prompt medical attention to minimize brain damage.

October 29 is World Psoriasis Day. The day was established by the International Federation of Psoriasis Associations (IFPA) in 2004 to raise awareness of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, as well as to improve public support and understanding of these conditions. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes red, scaly patches of skin, often accompanied by itching and pain, while psoriatic arthritis affects the joints, causing pain and inflammation. Although psoriasis is not contagious, it can severely impact quality of life. World Psoriasis Day aims to combat stigma, promote access to appropriate treatments, and advocate for patients' rights.

Ada Lovelace , born Augusta Ada Byron on December 10, 1815, is recognized as the first computer programmer. The daughter of the poet Lord Byron and mathematician Annabella Milbanke, she received an education in mathematics and science. She worked with Charles Babbage on the Analytical Engine, where she translated a paper in 1843 and included the first algorithm for computer processing. Lovelace predicted that computers could create art and music. In 2009, Ada Lovelace Day was established on the second Saturday in October to encourage women in STEM. She died on November 27, 1852, leaving a lasting legacy in computing.

World Day Against the Death Penalty is celebrated on October 10 and was established by the UN in 2003. The aim is to raise awareness about the death penalty and promote its abolition globally. On this day, human rights defenders and activists hold events and campaigns to highlight injustices, miscarriages of justice and the ineffectiveness of capital punishment as a crime prevention measure. The day also serves to honor victims of the death penalty and their families, promote discussions about alternatives such as rehabilitation and restorative justice, and encourage governments to reconsider their policies on the issue.

The discovery of penicillin: a revolution in medicine. In 1929, by a stroke of luck, Alexander Fleming found the first antibiotic, penicillin. During World War II, its potential was extensively tested, saving countless lives. Noel Rosa and many other artists could have been saved from tuberculosis if this discovery had occurred earlier.
The curious thing is that Fleming, a researcher dedicated to bacteria, left a culture plate forgotten during the summer. By chance, some bread crumbs fell on it, creating fungus. When his colleague Merlin Pryce noticed something strange in the plates about to be discarded, Fleming realized that the fungi had eliminated the bacteria, giving rise to penicillin, a milestone in the history of medicine.

Australia is a country and a continent at the same time. Its original inhabitants are the aborigines and among the famous animals that inhabit it are the kangaroos, koalas, platypus and the Tasmanian Devil.

The spider is an order of arthropods of the Arachnida class. So, contrary to what many people think; It is not an insect. They have chelicerae, which are appendages that protrude from the side of their mouth and inject venom. They also have a cephalothorax, an abdomen and 4 pairs of legs.

Butterflies are insects of the order Lepidoptera (wing with scales). Its life cycle consists of 4 stages: egg, larva, pupa and imago (Adult). Their body is divided into 3 parts: Head, thorax, abdomen and they have 3 pairs of legs.

The Amazon River, located in South America, is the largest river in the world by volume of water. The Nile River, which is located in the northeast of the African continent, is the longest. The Mississippi River, which together with the Missouri, forms the longest river in North America.

Giraffes are ruminant mammals that measure between 5 and 6 meters in height. It was believed that they were born from the cross between the Camel and the Leopard and thus were called by the Romans the camel-leopard. They inhabit the lands south of the Sahara, in North Africa and it is the only animal that can touch its own ear with its tongue.

Octopuses are marine molluscs of the Cephalopoda class. They have binocular vision and can differentiate colors. Its eight arms are autonomous and to escape predators, they release a dense cloud of ink that is basically made up of melanin while its three hearts pump blue-green blood.

Mammals constitute a Subclass of vertebrate animals of the Eukaryota domain. They are characterized by the presence of mammary glands, which in females produce milk to feed the offspring. There are more than 5,000 species of mammals, including humans, dolphins, whales and bats.